Bus system serving the Boston metropolitan area
Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) Bus System| Company type | Public transportation |
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| Industry | Public transit |
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| Headquarters | Boston , United States |
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Area served | Boston metropolitan region |
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| Products | Bus routes, bus rapid transit (Silver Line) |
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| Owner | Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority |
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| Website | www.mbta.com |
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The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) bus system manages 151 routes throughout the Boston metropolitan region, offering connections to the MBTA subway, Commuter Rail, and other bus services. Most of these routes originate from former streetcar lines or suburban transit companies such as the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway and the Middlesex and Boston Street Railway. Of these routes, the MBTA directly operates 147, while four are run by private contractors. Additionally, four suburban routes receive partial funding from the MBTA.
As of 2024, the standard fare for local buses is $1.70 per trip. The Silver Line waterfront routes (SL1, SL2, SL3, SLW) charge a higher fare equivalent to the subway price of $2.40. Express buses feature a two-tier fare system: local segments are priced at the regular local fare, whereas travel on express highway portions costs $4.25.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, service levels were reduced or rerouted but had returned to pre-pandemic frequencies by 2021, though some routes remain suspended. Since 2018, the MBTA has been working on a comprehensive redesign of its bus network, with completion anticipated in 2028. The first phase of changes was implemented in December 2024.
Silver Line
The Silver Line is a bus rapid transit (BRT) network consisting of six routes that are promoted as rapid transit services. It is divided into two main segments: the Waterfront routes (SL1, SL2, SL3, SLW), which operate through the South Boston Transitway tunnel, and the Washington Street routes (SL4, SL5), which run along surface streets. Waterfront services charge fares consistent with subway pricing, while Washington Street lines maintain standard bus fares. All Silver Line vehicles are articulated 60-foot buses; those on Waterfront routes are hybrid models equipped with extended electric capabilities for tunnel travel.
The SL5 route began operations in 2002 as a replacement for the Washington Street Elevated line. The Silver Line Shuttle started service in 2004, followed later that year by SL2 and the original SL3. SL1 commenced in 2005 utilizing dual-mode buses. The SL4 route was introduced in 2009 after plans for a Phase III tunnel were canceled. A new SL3 extension to Chelsea was launched in 2018.
Crosstown
The MBTA operates two crosstown (CT) bus routes that provide limited-stop service linking key subway stations and major bus transfer points. Originally launched in 1994 with three crosstown routes, route CT1 was consolidated into route 1 in 2019.
1–121
These routes provide coverage for almost all local transit within the metropolitan center, with many originally derived from Boston Elevated Railway streetcar lines. Numbered approximately in a clockwise sequence from the southeast to the northeast, this network has remained largely consistent since the BERy period, despite some consolidations and additions introduced by the Metropolitan Transit Authority and MBTA.
Seven routes—, , , , , , and —extend service to more distant western suburbs such as Bedford, Waltham, Lexington, and Needham. These routes trace their origins to those acquired from the Middlesex and Boston Street Railway in 1972 and were assigned numbers previously retired.
In 2004, fourteen routes—including , , , , , , , , , , , , , and —were identified as key bus lines. These high-demand corridors complement subway operations by providing frequent service in the city’s most densely populated districts. Beginning in 2024, the MBTA’s Bus Network Redesign is phasing out the "key route" designation in favor of a wider frequent route system. Notably, routes 28 and 39 operate with 60-foot articulated buses.
Four early morning round trips run between outer stations and over several local lines. Though primarily intended for station staff, these trips are available to all passengers. Internally numbered 191–194, they appear as variants of local routes in published schedules.
131–137
Routes numbered 131 through 137 serve the Melrose vicinity, originating from former Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway lines that became part of the MBTA system in 1968. The discontinued route 136 and route 137 once extended briefly to Lowell and Lawrence during MBTA management. Route 132 began as a Service Bus Lines operation before being integrated into the MBTA network in 1975.
171
Route 171 serves as a limited early morning replacement for the CT3 service that was truncated from Logan Airport in 2002. Other routes in the 170 series were short-lived services catering to industrial zones.
201–202
The "20 belt" route was created by the M.T.A. in 1962 by combining BERy’s former 20 and 21 segments. In 2005, it was split into routes 201 and 202 to better distinguish travel directions around the loop.
210–245
Routes numbered 210 through 245 operate within the Quincy region and trace their origins to former Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway lines that the MBTA took over in 1968. After the Red Line's Braintree Branch opened in stages during the 1970s and 1980s, these bus routes were adjusted to conclude at rapid transit stations, mainly at .
350–354
Serving the Burlington and Woburn locales, these routes stem from the Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway’s Lowell–Boston line, which the MBTA acquired in 1968 and subsequently shortened to terminate at Burlington.
411–465
These routes operate throughout Lynn and the North Shore area. They include former Service Bus Lines routes (411, 430) acquired in 1975 as well as primarily Eastern Massachusetts Street Railway routes taken over in 1968. Weekend variants with a W suffix represent short-turn trips that end at Wonderland station.
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501–558
These express bus routes provide service between Newton and downtown Boston, utilizing the Massachusetts Turnpike (I-90). Established during the 1960s to take advantage of the turnpike's extension, the 500 series comprises former Middlesex and Boston Street Railway lines (550 series) that were extended into Boston during that decade and later incorporated into the MBTA system in 1972. In 2020, these routes were truncated to terminate once again at Newton Corner.
Privately operated routes
Several suburban routes beyond the MBTA’s primary network receive partial funding from the authority and provide connections with MBTA transit. The radial commuter lines numbered 712 through 716 were purchased from private companies such as Rapid Transit Inc., Nantasket Transportation, and Hudson Bus Lines. Local circulator services without route numbers are operated by municipalities with some MBTA subsidies. Except for the Beverly Shuttle, which is managed by the Cape Ann Transportation Authority, all these services are run under private contracts.
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