Adtranz Innovia

Innovia APM 100
Company type	Product/Automated people mover system
Industry	Transportation, Rail transport
Predecessor	Westinghouse C-100
Founder	Westinghouse
Area served	Airports and urban transit systems worldwide
Products	Automated people mover systems
Owner	Alstom (current), previously Westinghouse, Adtranz, Bombardier Transportation
Parent	Alstom (current)

The Innovia APM 100—previously known as the CX-100—is a driverless, fully automated people mover (APM) system originally created by Westinghouse, and later managed by Adtranz, Bombardier Transportation, and currently Alstom. Designed primarily to facilitate airport transfers and urban light rail transit, it operates under Automatic Train Control (ATC) technology.

Building upon Westinghouse's earlier C-100 platform, the Innovia APM 100 continues to be utilized at numerous airports worldwide, even after the introduction of its successor, the Innovia APM 200, which was first implemented at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport's Skylink. Beyond airport environments, the Innovia APM 100 also serves Miami’s downtown area through the Metromover system.

History

The roots of the Innovia APM 100 can be traced back to the Westinghouse C-100, which was developed during the early 1960s. Westinghouse showcased this technology with the Transit Expressway Revenue Line prototype in Pittsburgh in 1965; however, political opposition hindered widespread adoption of rubber-tired mass transit systems at that time.

Commercially, Westinghouse achieved success by implementing its people mover solution at airports, starting with Tampa International Airport in 1971. This marked the first automated people mover operating inside an airport terminal, initially deploying eight first-generation C-100 vehicles. The system was soon followed by the Satellite Transit System at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in 1973.

By 1980, second-generation C-100 units had been installed at Miami International Airport and Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Atlanta’s system, known as The Plane Train, is recognized as one of the busiest people movers globally. Throughout the 1980s, the C-100 design became the industry standard for airport transit systems.

In 1986, Westinghouse expanded into urban transit by introducing the C-100 for Miami’s Metromover network.

In 1988, Westinghouse sold its transportation division to German firm AEG, which later merged into a joint venture with ABB and Daimler Benz named Adtranz in 1996. Under Adtranz, production of the C-100 continued with rebranding efforts to Adtranz C-100 and subsequently Adtranz CX-100.

After Bombardier acquired Adtranz in 2001, the vehicle was renamed Bombardier CX-100, and eventually integrated into Bombardier’s Innovia product line as the Innovia APM 100.

Although many original C-100 models have been replaced by Innovia APM 100 units, London Stansted Airport still operates five C-100 vehicles within its Track Transit System. Additionally, four C-100 cars are preserved in museums: two from Miami’s Metromover are exhibited at the Gold Coast Railroad Museum, while two from Atlanta’s system are housed at the Southeastern Railway Museum.

Airport connections

The Innovia APM 100 is a widely adopted choice for intra-terminal airport transit systems across numerous major airports worldwide:

Airport	System	Opened	Notes
Adolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas Airport	Airport People Mover	2006
Beijing Capital International Airport	Terminal 3 People Mover	2008
Changi Airport (Singapore)	Changi Airport Skytrain	1990	Original second-generation C-100s were replaced by Mitsubishi Crystal Mover vehicles in 2006.
Denver International Airport	Automated Guideway Transit System	1993/95	Fourteen original second-generation C-100s continue to operate alongside CX-100 units.
Frankfurt Airport (Frankfurt, Germany)	SkyLine	1994
George Bush Intercontinental Airport (Houston, Texas)	Skyway	1999
Harry Reid International Airport (Las Vegas, Nevada)	Harry Reid International Airport Automated People Movers	1985/1998/2012	Original C-100s were replaced with Innovia APM 100 vehicles in 2009.
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport	The Plane Train	1980	Second-generation C-100s were replaced by CX-100 models between 1997 and 2001; a few remain operational.
Kuala Lumpur International Airport	AeroTrain	1998	Original second-generation C-100s have been replaced with Innovia APM 300 vehicles.
Leonardo da Vinci Airport (Rome, Italy)	SkyBridge	1999
London Gatwick Airport	Tracked Shuttle System	1987	Second-generation C-100s were replaced with Innovia APM 100 units in 2009.
London Stansted Airport	Track Transit System	1991	System operates a combination of five second-generation C-100s and four Innovia APM 100 vehicles.
Miami International Airport	Concourse E People Mover	1980	Decommissioned in 2016; succeeded by a MiniMetro system supplied by Leitner-Poma.
Orlando International Airport	Orlando International Airport People Movers	1981	'Airsides' 2 & 4 only; Airsides 1 & 3’s initial Westinghouse C-100s were replaced with Mitsubishi Crystal Mover vehicles in 2017.

Airport	System	Opened	Notes

|- | Pittsburgh International Airport || Pittsburgh International Airport People Movers || 1992 || |- | Sacramento International Airport || SMF Automated People Mover || 2011 || |- | San Francisco International Airport || AirTrain || 2003 || |- | Seattle-Tacoma International Airport || SEA Underground || 1973 || Original first-generation C-100 units were replaced by Innovia APM 100 vehicles in 2003. |- | Tampa International Airport || Tampa International Airport People Movers || 1971 || Original first-generation C-100 units were replaced with Innovia APM 100 vehicles in 1995. |}

Miami Metromover

The Metromover in Miami, Florida is operated by the Bombardier Innovia APM 100, representing the initial deployment of Westinghouse's people mover technology beyond airport environments. The original fleet of Westinghouse C-100 vehicles was replaced with Innovia APM 100 units in 2008. Today, the Metromover stands as one of the rare transit systems outside airports utilizing this specific technology.

Bukit Panjang LRT

Since 1999, the Bukit Panjang LRT Line has been served by the Innovia APM 100 (C801) trains. These vehicles share similarities with those used in the early 1990s Skytrain at Singapore Changi Airport and feature many design elements found in more recent MRT trains.

The system runs on concrete tracks with rubber-tired wheels, ensuring a quiet operation. To maintain privacy for residents near HDB flats, the smart glass windows automatically become misted when passing these areas. The fleet consists of 19 cars, which can be coupled together during peak periods to increase capacity.

Following some initial technical challenges, later Singapore LRT lines transitioned to using the Crystal Mover. SMRT has taken responsibility for upgrading the Bukit Panjang system at its own cost.

Starting in late 2014, 13 new trainsets (designated C801A) were introduced to ease congestion during busy hours. By September 2015, all C801A units were fully operational in passenger service.

Guangzhou APM Line

The Zhujiang New Town Automated People Mover System, known as the Guangzhou Metro APM Line, operates with a fleet of 14 Innovia APM 100 vehicles to service Guangzhou’s central business district. This fully subterranean line commenced operations in November 2010 and is recognized as the most costly APM line per kilometre worldwide. Despite this, it is the shortest and least utilized route within the Guangzhou Metro system.

Technical specifications

Control system: Automatic train control (ATC) featuring automatic train operation (ATO) at Grade of Automation level 4 (UTO)
- CITYFLO 550 fixed block signalling
- CITYFLO 650 moving block communications-based train control (CBTC)
Track gauge: central guideway with rubber tyres
Top speed: (variant for Guangzhou Metro: )
Traction: Thyristor drive powering two Bombardier 1460-P4 DC motors, each producing
Passenger capacity: 105 individuals (22 seated, 83 standing)
Empty vehicle weight:
Dimensions: length , width , height