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Alstom Citadis

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Alstom Citadis
Company typeProduct line
IndustryRail transport
FounderAlstom
Headquarters
La Rochelle, Reichshoffen, Valenciennes (France); Barcelona (Spain); Annaba (Algeria)
,
France, Spain, Algeria
ProductsLow-floor trams and light rail vehicles
ParentAlstom

The Alstom Citadis series comprises a collection of low-floor tram and light rail vehicle models manufactured by Alstom. By 2017, sales surpassed 2,300 units, with approximately 1,800 vehicles actively operating across all six inhabited continents. This family represents an advancement from Alstom's previous TFS design. The majority of Citadis trams are produced in Alstom’s plants located in La Rochelle, Reichshoffen, and Valenciennes in France, as well as facilities in Barcelona, Spain, and Annaba, Algeria.

Citadis models

The Citadis lineup features both partially and fully low-floor tram and LRV configurations, characterized by multi-articulated segments that alternate between wheeled and suspended modules. Available configurations include three-section (20x), five-section (30x), seven-section (40x), and nine-section (50x) versions. Key standard models are as follows:

Urban tramway vehicles

  • Citadis X01 (first generation)
    • Citadis 301 – three sections featuring 70% low-floor coverage (Orléans)
      • Citadis 301 CIS – fully low-floor with IPOMOS bogies on gauge (Moscow, Saint-Petersburg); also known as 71-801 under Russian rail vehicle classification.
    • Citadis 401 – five-section model with 70% low-floor (Montpellier, Dublin, some units converted from 301s)
  • Citadis X02 (second generation)
    • Citadis 202 – three sections, entirely low-floor (Melbourne)
    • Citadis 302 – five sections with full low-floor design deployed extensively including cities such as Algiers, Adelaide, Angers, Lyon, Bordeaux, Paris (T2, T7, T8), Valenciennes, Rotterdam, Buenos Aires, Madrid, Melbourne, Nice, Murcia, Barcelona, Jerusalem, Le Havre, Tenerife, Nottingham
    • Citadis 402 – seven sections fully low-floor (Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lyon, Paris T3, Dubai, Rio de Janeiro, Oran, Constantine)
    • Citadis 502 – nine sections with complete low-floor access (Dublin, some adapted from 402s)
  • Citadis X03 (third generation)
    • Citadis 403 – seven-section model offering full low-floor access (Strasbourg)
  • Citadis X04 (fourth generation)
    • Citadis 304 – next-generation fully low-floor design intended for Central and Eastern European markets (Istanbul Tram)
  • Citadis X05 (fifth generation)
    • Citadis 205 or compact – three-section fully low-floor vehicles (Aubagne tramway, Avignon)
    • Citadis 305 – five sections fully low-floor (Sydney, Lusail, Caen, Kaohsiung, Athens, Philadelphia)
    • Citadis 405 – seven-section fully low-floor design (Nice, Paris lines T9 and T10)

Light-rail transit vehicles

  • Regio-Citadis – three-section LRVs with 70% low-floor area utilized in Kassel and The Hague
  • Citadis Dualis – four or five-section LRVs featuring full low-floor accessibility operated by the SNCF
  • Citadis Spirit – three or four-section LRVs designed for the North American market with full low-floor configuration (Ottawa's Line 1, Toronto's Line 6)

Power supply

Citadis trams generally draw electricity from overhead wires via a pantograph. Nonetheless, some systems utilize Alstom's exclusive ground-level power supply technology (APS), which was initially introduced in Bordeaux and subsequently implemented in cities including Angers, Reims, Orleans, Tours, Dubai, Rio, Barcelona, and Sydney. The APS system operates with a third rail that is energized only when covered by a tram, significantly improving safety. In urban outskirts of France and Sydney, trams transition to overhead wiring, whereas Dubai employs APS throughout the entire line while maintaining pantographs for depot operations.

An alternative approach involves onboard battery systems for short stretches without overhead cables. For instance, Nice's Citadis trams utilize nickel-metal hydride batteries to eliminate the need for overhead wires in environmentally sensitive zones. This technology has advanced into a supercapacitor-based solution (SRS), which is in use alongside APS in Rio de Janeiro, as well as in Kaohsiung and on a new line in Nice. Additionally, the Regio-Citadis models can be equipped with dual-voltage capability or configured as electro-diesel vehicles to support versatile operational requirements.

Africa

Country City Image Model Fleet numbers Units Delivery year Length Width Notes
Algeria Algiers
(Algiers tramway) 		402 101–141 41 2010 2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
Constantine
(Constantine tramway) 		402 101–127 47 2010 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in) 		27 units produced in Barcelona, with an additional 20 assembled locally in Annaba, Algeria.
Oran
(Oran Tramway) 		302 101–130 30 2010 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
Ouargla
(Ouargla tramway) 		402 101–123 23 2017 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
Mostaganem 402 101–130 30 2017 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
402 101–130 30 2016 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
402 101–130 47 2016 43.9 m
(144 ft 3⁄8 in) 		2.65 m
(8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)


Asia

Country City Image Model Fleet Numbers Units Year Introduced Length Width Notes
China Chengdu (Chengdu tram) 302 40 2018 32.6 m (106 ft 11+1⁄2 in) 2.65 m (8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
China Shanghai Songjiang (Songjiang Tram) 302 30 2018 33 m (108 ft 3+1⁄4 in) 2.65 m (8 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
Taiwan Kaohsiung (Circular light rail) 305 15 2019 33.4 m (109 ft 7 in) 2.65 m (8 ft 8+3⁄8 in) Employs SRS technology

North America

Country City Image Model Fleet Numbers Units in Service Year Introduced Length Width Remarks
Canada Ottawa
(Line 1) 		Citadis Spirit 1101–1134 34 (+38 planned) 2018 48 metres (157 ft 6 in) 2.65 metres (8 ft 8 in) Vehicles with four modules
Canada Toronto
(Line 6 Finch West) 		Citadis Spirit 0 (61 planned) 2021 48 metres (157 ft 6 in) 2.65 metres (8 ft 8 in) Four-section vehicles
United States Philadelphia
(SEPTA subway–surface trolley lines, SEPTA Route 15, and Media–Sharon Hill Line) 		305 0 (130 planned, plus 30 options) 2027

South America

Country City Image Model Fleet Numbers Units in Operation Year Commissioned Length Width Additional Information
Brazil Rio de Janeiro
(Rio de Janeiro Light Rail) 		402 101–132 32 2016 44 metres (144 ft) 2.65 metres (8 ft 8 in) Incorporates Alstom APS technology
Ecuador Cuenca, Ecuador
(Cuenca Tramway) 		302 14 2020 32.4 metres (106 ft) 2.40 metres (7 ft 10 in) Utilizes partial Alstom APS system

Middle East

Europe

Country City Image Model Fleet Numbers Number of Units Year Introduced Length Width "Remarks"
Israel Jerusalem
(Jerusalem Light Rail) 		302 46

2009

2.65 metres (8 ft 8 in)*

Aubagne tramway | |Compact model |8 |2014 |22 m (72 ft 2+1⁄8 in) |2.40 metres (7 ft 10+1⁄2 in) |Initial order for Citadis Compact; option to add 10 more. Avignon | |Compact model |101–114 |14 |2019 |22 m (72 ft 2+1⁄8 in) |2.40 metres (7 ft 10+1⁄2 in) |Reintroduced tram service after 1933. Besançon tramway | 305 | ? | 5 | 2025 | 32 m (104 ft 11+7⁄8 in) | 2.40 metres (7 ft 10 in) | Part of a joint order with Brest and Toulouse. rowspan="2" | Bordeaux tramway rowspan="2" | Brest tramwayCaen tramway | Dijon tramway | Grenoble tramway| Le Havre tramway| Le Mans tramway| Lille tramway| 305| ?| 24| 2026| Template:Cvt 32.4 m| Template:Convert 2.40 m| First Citadis designed for metric gauge. rowspan="3"  Lyon tramway 302 0801–0873 73 2000, 2006, 2009, 2010 Template:Cvt 32.4 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m - 402 0874–0892 19 2012–2013,  2016 Template:Cvt 43.8 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m Replaced Citadis 302 on line 3; older units reassigned. - 402 0893–? 15 2019–2027 Template:Cvt 44 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m Updated front design for safety; substitutes Citadis 302 on line 4. - rowspan="3"  Montpellier tramway 301 2001–2028 30 1999–2000 Template:Cvt 40.9 mTemplate:Convert 2.65 m Later extended to Citadis 401. - 302 2031–2064 27 2006–2007 Template:Cvt 32.5 mTemplate:Convert 2.65 m - 402 2070–2099 23 2011–2014 Template:Cvt 43 mTemplate:Convert 2.65 m - Mulhouse tramway 302 01–27 27 2005–2006 Template:Cvt 32.5 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m Two units transferred to Argentina; five sold to Melbourne as C2-class trams. - Nantes tramway 405 49 2023–2025 Template:Cvt 46 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m Phasing out older Tramway Français Standard; initial deliveries commenced in 2023. - rowspan="2" Nice tramway 302 01–28 28 2006–2010 Template:Cvt 33 mTemplate:Convert 2.65 m Trams from number 14 upgraded to model 402. - 405 19 2017–2018 Template:Cvt 45 m First fifth-generation Citadis introduced on the European mainland. - rowspan="2" Orléans tramway 301 39–60 22 2000 Template:Cvt 29.9 mTemplate:Convert 2.32 m - 302 61–81 21 2010–2011 Template:Cvt 32.3 mTemplate:Convert 2.40 m - rowspan="7" Tramways in Île-de-France ... (Entries for Paris and other Île-de-France lines continue similarly, focusing on fleet sizes, years, and key updates.) ... rowspan="3" Germany ... (Condensed details on Frankfurt, Kassel RegioTram highlighting fleet quantities and hybrid technology.) ... Athens Tram operates a fleet of twenty-five type-305 trams delivered between 2020 and 2021. ... Dublin's Luas network runs multiple generations of Citadis models (301,401,402,502) totaling over ninety vehicles since early-2000s expansions. ... RandstadRail The Hague utilizes RegioCitadis with seventy-two units (delivered in 2006 & 2011), while Rotterdam operates unidirectional type-302 trams exceeding one hundred units. ... Gdańsk and Katowice employ Alstom-based designs adapted locally. ... Saint Petersburg has operated four single-ended type-301 CIS trams since 2014. ... Barcelona's Trambaix and Trambesòs networks use type-302 trams; Madrid Metro Ligero also runs type-302 models with some exported units tested abroad. ... Istanbul's fleet includes thirty-seven type-304 MU-capable trams delivered starting in 2009. ... Nottingham Express Transit operates twenty-two type-302 trams acquired in the mid-2010s.
Country City Image Model Fleet Numbers Count Year(s) Length Width Notes
France Angers 302 1001–1017 17 2009 32.4 m
(106 ft 3+5⁄8 in) 		2.40 metres (7 ft 10+1⁄2 in)

305 |2001–2020 |20 |2022 |33.5 m
(109 ft 10+7⁄8 in) |2.40 metres (7 ft 10+1⁄2 in) |

402 | 2201–2232
2301–2306
2501–2520
2801–2804
1301–1326
1827–1846
1847–1856 | 113 | 2002–2019 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] | Latest units have two doors per side on central section.

302 | 2241–2246
2541–2546 | 12 | 2002, 2005 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] |

302 | 101–120 | 26 | 2012 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] | Ordered alongside Dijon trams.

305 | ? | 8 | 2025 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] | Joint order with Besançon and Toulouse.

305 | 1001–1026 | 26 | 2018–2019 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] |

302 | 1001–1033 | 33 | 2012–2013 | [convert: invalid number] | [convert: invalid number] | Co-ordered with Brest fleet.

402| 6001–6050| 49| 2005, 2009| [convert: invalid number]| [convert: invalid number]|

302| 001-022| 22| 2011–2012|

[convert: invalid number]|

302| 1001–1034| 34| 2007, 2011, 2014| Template:Cvt 32 m| Template:Convert 2.40 m|

Oceania

Nation Urban Area Image Model Fleet Range Count Manufacture Year Length (m) Width (m) Notes
Australia Adelaide 302 201–209 9 2010, 2018 32.0 2.40 Additional units sourced from Metro Ligero, Madrid in 2009 (6 units) and 2017 (3 units)
Australia Melbourne 202 3001–3036 36 2001–2002 23.0 2.65 Identified locally as C-class trams.
Australia Melbourne 302 5103, 5106, 5111, 5113, 5123 5 2008–2009 32.5 2.65 Known locally as C2-class; initially leased from Mulhouse, France in 2008 and subsequently acquired by the Victorian government.
Australia Sydney 305 001–060 60 2019 33.0 2.65 Designed for the CBD and South East Light Rail network; equipped with APS and pantograph power collection systems.

See also

External links

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