Bloch MB.81
| Industry | Aerospace |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1932 |
| Headquarters | France |
| Products | Aircraft |
The MB.81 was a French military air ambulance developed by Société des Avions Marcel Bloch specifically to transport a single passenger, including those on stretchers. Conceived for a governmental contest promoting "aerial first aid," it was deployed solely in overseas territories such as Morocco and Syria. Distinct from the MB.80 prototype, the MB.81 incorporated an enclosed cockpit and expanded cargo capacity, representing the company's inaugural production model.
History
The MB.81 was engineered to conduct casualty reconnaissance at elevated altitudes during missions in mountainous areas like French Morocco. It facilitated the carriage of a patient lying down within a compartment situated between the pilot and the engine. Additionally, the wings could be modified to accommodate patients within the pilot’s line of sight, with communication maintained through an Aviaphone system.
The MB.80 prototype had its maiden flight in mid-1932 at Villacoublay, with Zacharie Heu as pilot. This all-metal, low-wing monoplane was powered by a French Lorraine 5Pc engine delivering , achieving speeds of at altitude. It showcased impressive short takeoff () and landing () performance, completing 209 landings over 36 hours without any malfunctions.
Although developed without state funding, the French Ground Forces placed an order for 20 units following the creation of the Armée de l'Air in 1933, which revitalized Marcel Bloch’s aviation enterprise.
The production variant, MB.81, was fitted with a French Salmson 9Nd engine generating 128.68 kW (175 hp). It took part in military engagements in Morocco and Syria during the early 1930s.
Entering operational use in 1935, the MB.81 saw extensive deployment throughout North Africa and the Middle East. Some aircraft remained active until 1939-1940 before France’s capitulation and participated again in July 1941 during the Syrian campaign involving Vichy French forces against British and Free French troops.
Variants
- MB.80
- prototype (one unit constructed)
- MB.81
- production model (20 units manufactured)