FS Class ETR 460
| Industry | Rail transport |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1993 |
| Successor | Alstom Ferroviaria |
The ETR 460 represents an electric multiple unit (EMU) tilting train developed by FIAT Ferroviaria (currently known as Alstom Ferroviaria) starting in 1993, and it belongs to the Pendolino series. This model is an advancement of the ETR 450, incorporating enhanced interior design, upgraded electrical components, and improved passenger amenities, while preserving a maximum velocity of .
From the ETR 460 platform, two related Pendolino variants emerged: the ETR 470, designed for dual-voltage operation on 3 kV DC and 15 kV AC systems, and the ETR 480, capable of running on 3 kV DC and 25 kV AC to serve Italy’s high-speed rail corridors. A subset of three trainsets was modified to function under 1.5 kV DC for routes linking Milan, Turin, and Lyon; these were subsequently converted back into standard ETR 460 units and reclassified as ETR 463. The engineering concepts of this train influenced several international models such as the British Class 390, Slovenian SŽ series 310, Portuguese Alfa Pendular, Finnish VR Class Sm3, and Spanish Alaris trains.
Conceived by designer Giorgetto Giugiaro, the ETR 460 operates within Trenitalia’s Frecciabianca service throughout Italy. Its tilting technology permits a maximum lean of up to 8° during curves, enhancing ride comfort by mitigating lateral forces on passengers. This is achieved through a lightweight structural design featuring an axle load of only , which does not require any specialized track alterations; however, the complexity of the tilting mechanism results in increased maintenance demands.
The hydraulic tilting system is regulated via gyroscopic sensors located in the lead cars, which adjust tilt angles based on track cant. Propulsion comes from twelve three-phase asynchronous motors distributed across all vehicles, managed by GTO-VVVF inverters that produce roughly 6 MW of total power output. The braking system integrates rheostatic electric braking with regenerative functionality alongside electro-pneumatic disc brakes controlled by the Wabcontrol system.
A complete trainset can transport up to 480 passengers and is composed of two driving coaches at each end, six intermediate passenger coaches, and a dedicated bar-restaurant car.
See also
- ElettroTreno
- Eurostar Italia
- New Pendolino
- Rete Ferroviaria Italiana
- Treno Alta Velocità
- List of high speed trains