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Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation

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Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation
Company typeIncorporation (business)
IndustryDefense
Founded15 March 1950
FounderGovernment of Turkey
HeadquartersAnkara, Turkey
Area served
Military forces
ProductsAssault rifles
Ammunition
Artillery systems
Aerial bombs
Land mines
Explosives
Rockets
RevenueIncrease US$1.14 billion (2024)
Increase US$132 million (2024)
Decrease US$52 million (2024)
Total assetsIncrease US$1.8 billion (2024)
Total equityIncrease US$857 million (2024)
OwnerMinistry of National Defense (Turkey): 100%
Number of employees
3,982 (2024)
Websitewww.mke.gov.tr

The Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation (Turkish: Makine ve Kimya Endüstrisi, commonly abbreviated as MKE), was founded in 1950 as a government-led consolidation of various factories in Turkey. Its primary role has been to provide military equipment to the Turkish Armed Forces.

History

The origins of MKE trace back to the "Tophane-i Amire" ("Royal Arsenal"), established in the late 15th century to equip the artillery units of the Ottoman Empire with items such as cannon, gunpowder, and shot. In 1832, this entity was restructured into the "Tophane Müşavirliği" ("Arsenal of Ordnance and Artillery Marshalship"). Later, by 1908, it became a division within the "Harbiye Nezareti" (Ministry of War). Following the events of World War I and the subsequent Turkish War of Independence, it was reorganized in 1923 under the name "General Directorate of Military Factories." Presently, MKE operates through 12 facilities employing approximately 7,430 workers. The initial rifle manufactured was the Mauser Model M1938, including hybrid variants known as 'Enfauser' that combined features from Lee–Enfield and Mauser designs. The first pistol produced was the Walther PP, both locally referred to as 'Kırıkkale'.

Legal status

The organization transitioned from being a state-owned enterprise to a corporation under the provisions of Law Nr. 7330, enacted on July 3, 2021.

Products

File:Cesitli bombalar.JPG
MKEK munitions displayed at IDEF 2007
File:40mm RPG-7.JPG
40mm RPG manufactured by MKEK
File:MK-84veMK-82ler.JPG
MK-84 and MK-82 bombs produced by MKEK

This corporation primarily supplies the Turkish Armed Forces with various equipment, including ammunition for both small arms and heavy weaponry, artillery systems, aerial bombs, mines, explosive devices, and rockets. Beyond military products, MKEK also produces civilian goods such as steel, brass, and electrical components. Its extensive defense portfolio not only serves domestic demand but is also exported to over 40 countries globally.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

In 2011, MKEK had military product sales spanning 29 countries worldwide. The corporation plans to expand its production capabilities by investing $818 million in facilities located in Ankara and Kırıkkale by 2025. The first smoothbore barrel designed for the Altay main battle tank was launched in 2011.

  • Production divisions:
    • Ammunition Division
    • Rocket Division
    • Weapons Division
    • Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnic Products Division
  • Facilities and affiliates: MKE operates 11 factories and one affiliated company distributed across three primary manufacturing centers:
    • Kırıkkale
      • Ammunition Factory
      • Brass Factory
      • Heavy Weapons Factory and Steel Foundry
      • Explosives Factory
      • Small-Arms Weapons Factory (Kırıkkale Arsenal Co.)
    • Ankara
      • Explosives & Propellants Factory
      • Machinery and Gas-Mask Factory MAKSAM
      • Pyrotechnics Factory
      • Scrap Recycling Facility
      • Small-Arms Ammunition Factory
    • Çankırı
      • Medium-Caliber Weapons Factory
    • İzmit
      • Scrap Recycling Facility

MKE Maksam Machine and Mask Factory

Established in 1920, MKE Maksam (Turkish: Maksam Makine Ve Maske Fabrikası Müdürlüğü, abbreviated as MAKSAM) specializes in producing surgical instruments and supplies alongside CBRN masks and related products. It manufactures various types of masks catering both to military personnel and civilians. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Maksam produced millions of surgical masks, FFP3-type masks, protective coveralls, goggles (Types A-B), face shield visors (Type C), protective gloves, panoramic mask sets, P13 plastic strainers, as well as machinery for surgical mask production.

SAHRA Mechanical Respirator

In addition to masks and other protective gear, the SAHRA Mechanical Respirator was developed utilizing domestic and national resources to offer fundamental respiratory assistance for COVID-19 patients. By the end of May 2020, SAHRA was prepared for large-scale manufacturing with a weekly output capability of 500 units.[1]

File:THK15.jpg
Mkek THK 15 aircraft.

Aircraft

File:T-155Fırtına (1).jpg
MKEK 155 mm tracked self-propelled howitzer T-155 Fırtına[11]

Vehicles

File:Tamgec.JPG
MKE TAMGEÇ mine-clearing line charge system.[12]
  • T-155 Fırtına A tracked self-propelled howitzer with a 155 mm caliber and a barrel length of 52 calibers.[11]
  • T-155 Yavuz A wheeled self-propelled howitzer featuring a 155 mm caliber and a barrel length of 52 calibers.[13][14]

Engineering and Ammunition Supply Vehicles

  • MKEK POYRAZ – Vehicle designed for ammunition resupply
  • MKE TAMGEÇ – System for clearing mines using a line charge
  • MKE TAMKAR – Mine-clearing line charge apparatus
File:Bora-12 (MKEK JNG-90).jpg
Bora-12 (MKEK JNG-90)

Armaments

File:Mg3idef2007.JPG
Licensed production of the Rheinmetall MG 3 by MKEK in Kırıkkale since 1974, supplied to the Turkish Armed Forces and Turkish Gendarmerie.

Personal firearms

Source:[15]

  • CS tear gas grenades
  • Licensed manufacture of G3-A3/A4/A7 (T41/T43) rifles
  • Licensed production of HK33-A2/A3 (T-50) rifles
  • JMK Bora 12/JNG-90 bolt-action sniper rifle
  • KAAN-717 carbine variant[16]
  • KNT-76 designated marksman rifle model
  • MAM-15 anti-materiel sniper rifle
  • KN-12 sniper rifle
  • Licensed manufacture of MGL grenade launcher
  • Licensed production of MG3 machine gun
  • Licensed production of Mk 2 anti-personnel hand grenades
  • Licensed manufacture of Mk 3 concussion grenades
  • Licensed production of Mk 19 automatic grenade launcher
  • MMT modern machine gun model
  • MOD 56 riot control hand grenade
  • MOT-919 submachine gun model
  • MPT series: MPT-76/76MH/55/55K rifles
  • TLS-571 carbine model
  • Licensed production of MP5-A2/A3/K/MTS (AP5/T94) submachine guns
  • PMT-76/PMT-76-57A machine guns based on the FN MAG
  • T40-R/R5 under-barrel grenade launchers compatible with IWI Tavor X95 rifles
  • Semi-automatic T-41/43/50/94 variants intended for the U.S. market
  • MT12QCB heavy machine gun variant based on the M2 Browning

Artillery, Rockets, and Missiles

Source:[15]

  • MKE Boran 105 mm howitzer, derived from the L118 design[17][18][19][20]
  • Licensed manufacture of the Eryx anti-tank guided missile
  • HY1-12 120 mm mortar system[21]
  • Licensed production of the MKE FFAR 70 mm unguided rocket for both air-to-ground and surface-to-surface roles
  • Licensed manufacturing of the MK 82 general-purpose bomb[22]
  • Licensed production of the MK 84 general-purpose bomb[22]
  • MKE 76 mm/62-caliber National Naval Gun
  • MKE 120 mm 55 caliber smoothbore gun, modeled on the CN08[23]
  • Licensed production of the MO-120 RT-61 heavy 120 mm mortar
  • NT1 81 mm mortar system[24]
  • Licensed production of the double-barrel GAI 001 system featuring the Oerlikon 20 mm anti-aircraft gun[20]
  • Licensed manufacture of the double-barrel Oerlikon 35 mm anti-aircraft gun used in towed systems such as MKE GDF-003B[20]
  • Panter 155 mm, 52 caliber towed howitzer
  • Penetrator bomb weighing 870 kg with a penetration capability of 2.1 meters, deployed by the Turkish Air Force on F-4 Terminator 2020 and F-16 Falcon aircraft[25]
  • UT1 model 81 mm mortar[26]
  • 60 mm commando mortar[27]
  • Light anti-tank weapon system with a caliber of 66 mm[28]
  • 105 mm M68 Tank Gun Weapon System[29]
  • Multiple rocket launcher with a caliber of 107 mm

Protective Equipment

MKE Museums

Sports Teams Affiliated with MKE

Source:[34]

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  2. ↑ Deniz 2004
  3. ↑ Taylor 1989, 683
  4. ↑ "THK-2"
  5. ↑ Cebeci, 2004
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  8. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  9. ↑ Krasil'shchikov 1991, 98
  10. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :2
  13. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  14. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 mkek.gov.tr/tr/products.aspx?id=52&source=Products
  16. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  17. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  18. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  19. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  21. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named armyrecog3
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  23. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  24. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  25. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  26. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  27. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  28. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  29. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 30.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :02
  31. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  32. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  33. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  34. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  35. ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2123: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

External links

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