Prussian T 16.1

Prussian state railways

Industry	Railway
Founded	1913 (1913)
Products	Steam locomotives (T 16.1 series)

Template:More footnotes Template:Infobox locomotive

The Prussian T 16.1 series was developed as tank locomotives for freight services by the Prussian state railways around the First World War era. Additionally, six units were acquired by the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine.

History

Between 1913 and 1924, including subsequent orders from the Deutsche Reichsbahn, a total of 1,242 units were manufactured. Under the DRG's DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives, these engines were reclassified as DRG Class 94.5–17 and assigned numbers ranging from 94 502 to 1380 and from 94 1501 to 1740. Among the T 16.1 locomotives originally owned by the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine, three remained in Germany and were renumbered as 94 1378 to 1380.

Following the World War I reparations, Germany transferred several locomotives internationally: Belgium received 36 (classified as SNCB Type 98), the Chemin de fer du Nord obtained 21 units (numbered 5.505 to 5.525), while the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée took possession of 19 (initially numbered 5816–5828, later redesignated as 5.AT.16 to 5.AT.28). Four locomotives were allocated to the Saarland Railways (8101–8104), which were incorporated into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1935 as numbers 94 1381 to 94 1384, and two units went to Italy (designated FS 897). Furthermore, the Polish State Railway (Polskie Koleje Państwowe) acquired 37 machines, classified as TKw1. Some of these were renumbered by the Reichsbahn during World War II as numbers between 94 1385 and 1416. Post-1945, several former French and Belgian engines remained with the Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR) in East Germany, receiving numbers from 94 1801 to 1810. Additionally, a T 16.1 locomotive from the Halberstadt-Blankenburg Railway was incorporated in 1950 and numbered as 94 6776.

After World War II, Poland obtained more than one hundred units which were categorized as TKw2.

With the introduction of the new classification system by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in 1968, these locomotives were redesignated as Class 094. Meanwhile, in East Germany, under the DR's renumbering scheme of 1970, they became known as Class 94.1.

Besides their primary role in heavy shunting and line service, these locomotives operated on steep gradients such as those on the Friedbergbahn (between Suhl and Schleusingen), Scheldetalbahn (Dillenburg to Gönnern), Rennsteigbahn (Ilmenau to Schleusingen), the incline at Erkrath–Hochdahl, and the Murgtalbahn (Rastatt to Freudenstadt). For such demanding routes, they were equipped with Riggenbach counter-pressure brake systems to enhance braking performance on slopes. The effectiveness of this class in handling steep inclines allowed for the elimination of complex and time-consuming rack railway sections on many ramps.

The final withdrawals of this class from service by the Bundesbahn occurred in 1974; however, they remained operational longer within the Reichsbahn network. Their duties on inclines were eventually assumed by rebuilt diesel locomotives from Class 118.

Following World War II, Austria retained a total of forty-three Class 94.5–17 locomotives; most were transferred to either Hungary’s Magyar Államvasutak (MÁV) or the Soviet Railways (SŽD). The remaining fourteen engines remained in Austria as ÖBB Class 694. These units predominantly served in heavy banking operations before being retired by approximately 1966 or sold off for industrial use within steel manufacturing facilities.

Preserved locomotives

A number of locomotives from this series have been saved, with some remaining operational, such as units 94 1292 and 94 1538 featured in the images. In Austria, the oldest surviving example, originally numbered 94 503 and later reclassified as 694.503, is housed at the ÖGEG locomotive collection in Ampflwang, although it has yet to undergo restoration.

Gallery

• 
  94 1292 at Grimmenthal
• 
  Steam locomotive 94 1538 at Berlin-Schöneweide depot
• 
  TKw2-114 located in Chabówka

See also

• List of DRG locomotives and railcars
• List of Prussian locomotives and railbuses
• List of preserved steam locomotives in Germany

References

• Template:Weisbrod-EFA1.5

Further reading

• Template:Davies-NordLocoList
• Template:Davies-PLMLocoList
• Spielhof, Lothar (1991). Dampflokomotiven: Bahnen in Elsaß-Lothringen (in German). Düsseldorf: Alba. pp. 247–249. ISBN 3-87094-142-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• Template:Vandenberghen-SNCB12.2
• Template:Weisbrod-EFA1.3