Società Italiana Ernesto Breda
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| File:Breda Firmenemblem.svg | |
| Industry | Engineering |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1886 |
| Defunct | Template:End date and age |
| Fate | merged with Gio. Ansaldo & C. to create AnsaldoBreda |
| Successor | AnsaldoBreda BredaMenarinibus |
| Headquarters | Milan, Italy |
| Products | Transport aircraft Bombers Experimental planes Air force trainers Seaplanes Ships Locomotives |
| Subsidiaries | Breda Meccanica Bresciana IMAM |
Società Italiana Ernesto Breda (literally Ernesto Breda Italian Society), commonly known simply as Breda, was an Italian engineering firm established by Ernesto Breda in Milan in 1886.
History
Established in Milan by Ernesto Breda in 1886, the company initially specialized in producing locomotives and various railway equipment. Over time, it expanded its operations to include armaments and aircraft manufacturing. The company also intermittently produced trolleybuses. In 1935, it took over the railway division of Officine Ferroviarie Meridionali, followed shortly by acquisition of that company's aircraft division.
Machine guns designed by Breda, including the Breda Model 30 and Breda Model 37, served as standard weapons for the Royal Italian Army during conflicts such as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, the Italian Invasion of Albania, and throughout World War 2.[1] At the height of its wartime output, the workforce numbered approximately 26,000 employees.[2] By 1954, this number had decreased to roughly 8,000.[2]
In 1962, Breda was nationalized under EFIM ownership but was subsequently dissolved in the 1990s. Its train and tram manufacturing segment merged with Ansaldo to form AnsaldoBreda, while its armament division became an independent company known as Breda Meccanica Bresciana. Additionally, its research branch evolved into the separate entity Istituto Scientifico Breda.
Products
Aircraft products
Rolling stock offerings
Locomotives
- South African Class 15CA 4-8-2[3]
- SEK class Μα
- E.330
- D.341
- D.345
- D.443
- E.424
- E.428
- E.636
- HŽ series 1061
DMU and EMU
Metro
- Washington Metro rolling stock including the 2000-Series, 3000-Series, and 4000-series
- Breda A650
Tram and light rail
- ATM Class 1500
- ATM Class 4600 and 4700
- Light rail vehicles for the RTA Rapid Transit system in Cleveland
- The Type 8 light rail vehicles for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority’s Green Line (production continued post-merger)
- LRV2 and LRV3 models for San Francisco’s Muni Metro
Trolleybuses
Trolleybus manufacturing represented a minor segment of Breda’s production, undertaken sporadically by its division Breda Costruzioni Ferroviarie (it). Between 1936 and 1940, the firm produced 28 trolleybuses, primarily for the Rome network, with six units delivered to Genoa.[4] Additional trolleybus construction occurred intermittently from 1938 through 1956, totaling only sixteen vehicles. Manufacturing recommenced in 1988, largely serving Italian trolleybus systems; however, a significant contract was fulfilled for the Seattle system, where Breda supplied 236 dual-mode buses between 1988 and 1991.[4]
See also
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References
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Further reading
- Luigi Giugni, Le imprese a partecipazione statale, Naples, Jovene, 1972
- Pasquale Saraceno, Il sistema delle imprese a partecipazione statale nell'esperienza italiana, Milan, Giuffrè, 1975
- Bruno Amoroso - Ole Jess Olsen, Lo stato imprenditore, Bari, Laterza, 1978
- Nico Perrone, Il dissesto programmato. Le partecipazioni statali nel sistema di consenso democristiano, Bari, Dedalo, 1991
- Nico Perrone, Italian and American Patterns in a Conflictive Development, Roskilde, Roskilde Universitetscenter, 1992
- La Breda produce, photographic exhibition hosted by the Istituto per la Storia dell’Età Contemporanea [1]
- La linea del fuoco [2]
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External links
- Fondazione Isec - Breda (in Italian)
- Mostra fotografica online Fondazione Isec - La Breda produce (in Italian)
- Treccani.it BREDA, Ernesto (in Italian)
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- Pages with script errors
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- Articles with Italian-language sources (it)
- Società Italiana Ernesto Breda
- AnsaldoBreda
- Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Milan
- Italian brands
- Manufacturing companies of Italy
- Trolleybus manufacturers
- Defunct aircraft manufacturers of Italy
- Manufacturing companies established in 1886
- Italian companies established in 1886
- Conglomerate companies of Italy
- Bus manufacturers of Italy
- Electric vehicle manufacturers of Italy