TGV 001
| Industry | Rail transport |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1928 |
| Headquarters | Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine , France |
| Products | High-speed trains, locomotives, rail infrastructure |
| Website | www |
The TGV 001 (Train à Grande Vitesse 001) represented a pioneering prototype of a gas turbine-powered TGV locomotive, developed by Alstom in France. Initiated in 1969 and undergoing trials from 1972, it achieved speeds ranging from . This initiative was part of a comprehensive research effort into high-speed rail technologies, addressing aspects such as traction systems, vehicle dynamics, braking mechanisms, aerodynamics, and signalling technologies. Although the plan included two units, only one was constructed; the second was designed to feature active tilting technology as a tilting train, but it was ultimately cancelled due to technical difficulties.
Description
This turbotrain introduced an innovative layout distinct from earlier models like the (ETG) and (RTG), comprising two power cars flanking three passenger coaches, all equipped with powered axles—a design approach that continued in subsequent TGV models.
Each axle was fitted with its own traction motor, enhancing power distribution while maintaining low axle load. The electric traction system facilitated efficient dynamic braking at elevated speeds. The power cars each contained two Turbomeca Turmo turbines (initially TURMO III G and later TURMO X variants), engines also utilized in Super Frelon helicopters, alongside integrated control systems managing turbines, traction, braking, and signalling functions.
Employing an articulated configuration with shared bogies between coaches, the TGV 001 improved stability and allowed suspension components to be positioned close to each carriage’s center of gravity, thereby reducing lateral rolling on curves.
Service
Although it established the highest speed ever recorded by a gas turbine-powered locomotive at , the TGV 001 was never deployed for commercial operation.
History
Finalized on 24 March 1972, the prototype began testing on 4 April that year. Throughout its testing phase, it completed 5,227 runs over a distance of , surpassing speeds of on 175 occasions.
It retains the world record for top speed by a gas turbine-electric locomotive at , achieved on 8 December 1972.
The shift away from gas turbine propulsion came after the 1973 oil crisis, as escalating fuel costs rendered this technology less viable, prompting a transition toward electric traction systems.
Testing activities concluded officially on 19 June 1978.
Preservation
- T 001: Preserved in Bischheim (Bas-Rhin)
- T 002: Located in Belfort (Territoire de Belfort)