Tupolev Tu-110
| Company type | Jet airliner prototype |
|---|---|
| Industry | Aerospace |
| Founded | 1957 |
| Headquarters | Kazan , Soviet Union |
| Products | Jet airliner (prototype) |
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The Tupolev Tu-110 (NATO reporting name: Cooker) was a Soviet-designed jet airliner that took to the skies for the first time in 1957. This model represented a four-engine evolution of the Tu-104; however, only four units were constructed and it never progressed to commercial airline use.
Design and development
Template:Unreferenced section Recognizing the limited export appeal of the Tupolev Tu-104, the Council of Ministers issued directive No. 1511–846 on 12 August 1956, instructing the Tupolev Design Bureau to develop a four-engine variant of the Tu-104. This modification aimed to allow safe transoceanic flights and enhance takeoff safety in case of an engine failure.
The Tu-110 underwent significant redesign from the Tu-104, featuring four Lyulka AL-7 turbojet engines, each delivering 5,500 kgf (53.9 kN; 12,100 lbf) of thrust. These engines were arranged in pairs, staggered within the extended center-section roots of the wings. The prototype completed its inaugural flight on 11 March 1957.
Manufacturing was authorized at the Kazan Aircraft Factory, with an initial contract for ten units. Nevertheless, production ceased after only three aircraft were completed. These production models incorporated extended-chord wings, expanded baggage compartments, and accommodated up to 100 passengers in an all-economy seating layout.
Subsequently, all four Tu-110 aircraft were converted into Tu-110B variants equipped with Soloviev D-20 turbofan engines to enhance performance, but these efforts did not yield further orders. The quartet of Tu-110Bs was then utilized for experimental purposes including avionics testing, missile system trials, and boundary layer control research, remaining in service through the 1970s.
Variants
Based on data from Tupolev Tu-104[1]Template:Page needed
- Tu-110 – The original prototype (registration CCCP-L5600).
- Tu-110A – Production models featuring doubled passenger capacity (all economy seating), enlarged baggage compartments, increased flap area, and a maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) raised to 87,200 kg (182,320 lb). Three units were built (CCCP-L5511 through L5513).
- Tu-110B – Experimental medium-range versions converted from both the prototype and production aircraft, fitted with four Soloviev D-20 turbofan engines.
- Tu-110L – The prototype modified with boundary layer control systems supplied by bleed air from the D-20 turbofan engines.
- Tu-110D – A proposed medium-range airliner design featuring four D-20 engines mounted in paired nacelles on either side of the rear fuselage.
- Tu-117 – A planned military transport variant equipped with a rear fuselage loading ramp and defensive tail turret.
Specifications (Tu-110 First Prototype)
See also
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Notes
- ↑ Gordon and Rigmant 2007
Bibliography
- Gordon, Yefim and Vladimir Rigmant. Tupolev Tu-104. Hinkley, UK: Midland, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-265-8.
- Gunston, Bill. The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875– 1995. London: Osprey, 1995. ISBN 1-85532-405-9.
- Stroud, John. Soviet Transport Aircraft since 1945. London: Putnam, 1968. ISBN 0-370-00126-5.
External links
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- Tupolev aircraft
- 1950s Soviet airliners
- Quadjets
- Low-wing aircraft
- Abandoned civil aircraft projects
- Aircraft first flown in 1957
- Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear