Ford Falcon (Australia)
| Company type | Automobile model |
|---|---|
| Industry | Automotive |
| Founded | 1960 |
| Defunct | 2016 |
| Headquarters | Campbellfield, Melbourne , Australia |
Area served | Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, select Asian markets |
| Products | Full-size cars, luxury sedans, coupes, panel vans, station wagons, utilities |
| Parent | Ford Australia |
The Ford Falcon was a full-size car manufactured by Ford Australia between 1960 and 2016. Beginning with the 1972 XA series, Falcons and their variants were entirely engineered and produced in Australia, marking a shift from earlier models that were American designs modified for local conditions. The luxury-focused Fairmont was introduced in 1965, followed by extended-wheelbase luxury versions—the Fairlane in 1967 and the LTD in 1973—both of which ceased production in 2007.
Throughout seven generations, more than three million Falcons and related models were built predominantly in Australia and New Zealand, with some units exported to South Africa and select right-hand-drive markets in Asia. Together with the Australian-built Holden Commodore, the Falcon became a staple vehicle for taxi services, police forces, and corporate fleets across Australia and New Zealand.
The last iteration, the FG X series, was available as both sedan and utility variants. Luxury editions branded under the G Series—namely G6, G6 E, and G6 E Turbo—replaced the Fairmont and Fairmont Ghia trims. Historically, the Falcon range included hardtop coupes, panel vans, station wagons, and the Futura model. The platform also supported upscale vehicles such as the Landau coupe alongside the long-wheelbase Fairlane and LTD sedans.
In May 2013, Ford Australia declared it would end local manufacturing of the Falcon and the related Territory SUV by October 2016. This decision aligned with Ford Motor Company’s global "One Ford" strategy aimed at consolidating its vehicle lineup. The Falcon’s spiritual successors are considered to be the European fourth-generation Mondeo sedan and the North American sixth-generation Mustang, both preserving Ford’s Australian V8 legacy. The final Falcon—a blue XR6—was completed on 7 October 2016.
History
During the 1950s, Ford’s market share in Australia declined as Holden gained popularity without a strong rival. Ford assembled British models such as the Zephyr, Consul, and Zodiac, but these vehicles carried higher prices due to import tariffs on components compared to Holden’s offerings. Additionally, Canadian-sourced V8 models were assembled locally but their elevated cost limited appeal among typical consumers.
To effectively compete, Ford aimed to produce a locally made vehicle to challenge Holden. After initially considering British designs, a 1958 trip to Detroit introduced them to the new North American Falcon. Its size, contemporary styling, seating for six passengers, and optional two-speed automatic transmission suited Ford Australia's familiarity with North American cars. Consequently, they selected the Falcon as their Australian model. In 1959, Ford established the Broadmeadows Assembly Plant in Melbourne’s Campbellfield suburb specifically for local Falcon production. The factory was designed with consideration for harsh local weather conditions such as severe hailstorms.
XK
The inaugural Australian Falcon—the XK series—debuted in September 1960 as a four-door sedan available in Falcon and Falcon Deluxe trims. It was essentially a right-hand drive adaptation of the North American version but featured modifications for local use including reinforced rear suspension components and larger 6.40 by 13-inch tyres.
This model offered light steering effort combined with a smooth ride on sealed roads. Its large drum brakes provided sufficient stopping power relative to its lighter weight compared to the Zephyr. Unlike the North American variant’s 3.10:1 rear axle ratio, the Australian Falcon employed a 3.56:1 ratio that better matched engine torque characteristics while lowering cruising rpm compared to Holden models.
A station wagon variant was launched in November 1960; however, it did not include the extended rear overhang found on its American counterpart to prevent damage on rough terrain.
Promoted as "Australian-with a world of difference," the Falcon quickly gained traction as a viable alternative to Holden’s then-aging FB-series.
Nevertheless, XK sales eventually declined due to reliability problems encountered on rugged outback roads—issues such as front ball joints failing and loose suspension shims causing front camber misalignment led to nicknames like "foul can" or "fault can."
In May 1961, Ford expanded the lineup by introducing utility and panel van versions named Falcon utility and Falcon sedan delivery respectively.
XL
In early 1962, Ford Australia implemented local design modifications to the XL model, such as a reinforced suspension system derived from the Fairlane and a redesigned roofline inspired by the Thunderbird. The marketing tagline was "Trim, Taut, Terrific". Despite these enhancements, the Falcon continued to be perceived as ill-suited for Australian conditions, resulting in stagnant sales figures. Ford remained committed to enhancing the vehicle's toughness and dependability, which gradually contributed to increased sales.
The XL series also saw the debut of the premium Falcon Futura sedan and the Falcon Squire station wagon, which featured faux woodgrain paneling on the exterior sides and tailgate.
XM
Introduced in 1964, the XM was the first Falcon to feature a body designed specifically in Australia. This included raised rear taillights tailored for local requirements and a fully wrapped chrome grille. The steering system was improved with stronger tie rods, while suspension upgrades addressed bump steer problems present in US versions. For the first time, a two-door hardtop coupe was made available in both Deluxe and Futura trims.
XP
The 1965 XP model marked the introduction of the Fairmont as an upscale option. This variant played a crucial role in Ford Australia's trajectory; to demonstrate its robustness, a fleet of XP Falcons underwent high-speed endurance testing over 70,000 miles on test tracks—a campaign that secured the Falcon the Wheels Car of the Year Award. The XP also transitioned from two-speed to three-speed automatic transmissions and offered front disc brakes optionally, with these brakes becoming standard on Fairmont and hardtop variants.
This generation was the last to feature the Squire range with wood-trimmed wagons. The Fairmont was introduced midway through production as the flagship model, replacing both the Futura sedan and Squire wagon. It was available in sedan and wagon formats with combined Falcon/Fairmont badging.
Furthermore, Bill Warner modified certain XP Falcons by fitting them with 260- or 289 cubic inch V8 engines paired with either three-speed automatic or four-speed manual gearboxes—precursors to the GT Falcon that debuted in the subsequent model year.
XR
The XR Falcon series launched in September 1966 showcased design cues drawn from the 1966 US Ford Falcon and was promoted as the "Mustang bred Falcon." It became the first Australian Falcon to offer a V8 engine option: a 200 bhp, 289 cubic inch (4.7 litre) Windsor V8 available across all trim levels—an Australian automotive first. The base engine remained a 170 cubic inch (2.8 L) six-cylinder, supplemented by an optional 200 cubic inch (3.3 L) six; however, the smaller 144 cubic inch (2.4 L) six was discontinued.
Initially, nine variants were available: Falcon, Falcon 500, and Fairmont sedans; Falcon, Falcon 500, and Fairmont wagons; Falcon and Falcon 500 utilities; plus the Falcon Van. The wagons shared a 111-inch wheelbase with XR sedans, differing from longer US Falcon wagon models. The Falcon 500 replaced the XP series’ Falcon Deluxe trim, while two-door hardtops were discontinued. Ford New Zealand assembled the Falcon 500 domestically and briefly marketed a Falcon 600 featuring extras such as a standard heater. Limited quantities of Fairmont and GT models were imported from Australia.
The XR earned Wheels Car of the Year honors in 1966, marking Ford Falcon's second consecutive win.
Capitalizing on its Mustang heritage, Ford unveiled the XR Falcon GT in 1967 equipped with a 225 bhp version of the 289 cubic inch (4.7 L) Windsor V8 sourced from the Mustang, effectively launching Australia's muscle car era. Most original XR GTs appeared in "GT gold," though rare examples were painted in colors like "Gallaher Silver," "Russet Bronze," "Sultan Maroon," "Polar White," "Avis White," and "Ivy Green." The GT came equipped with a Hurst shifter for its four-speed transmission, a deep-dish sports steering wheel, specialized instrumentation, chrome full-wheel covers, and distinctive thick "GT stripes" along its lower body panels.
XT
The 1968 XT model underwent a subtle redesign, introducing a split grille and recessed driving lights specifically for the GT version. Unlike the XR, the GT replaced the broad lower body stripes with slender waistline stripes extending from the grille to the rear light. While the tail lights remained round, they featured an elongated indicator bar across the lens rather than the XR's small round indicator. Other exterior panels and bumpers remained identical to those on the XR.
Customers could select between a six-cylinder engine or a six-cylinder option. The former 289 in3 V8 was succeeded by a new engine unit.
It is important to distinguish this XT Falcon series from the entry-level XT variant introduced in 2002 within the BA Falcon lineup.
XW
The 1969 XW Falcon showcased more assertive styling, highlighted by raised ridges along each front guard and a reinforced c-pillar design that imparted a bulkier look compared to the XR and XT models. This release also brought a redesigned dashboard, new trim options, and factory-installed fully integrated air conditioning available as an option.
The GT model was equipped with a larger Canadian-made Windsor V8 engine producing increased power, featuring dual exhausts and a sports air cleaner. Its appearance became more aggressive with an offset racing-style bonnet scoop, bonnet locks, blackout panels, and distinctive 'Super Roo' stripes running along the vehicle’s length (with bonnet blackouts and stripes available as optional deletions). The GT wheels transitioned to 12-slot steel rims with flat center caps and stainless steel dress rings. Twin driving lights from the XT GT were retained.
In August 1969, Ford introduced the GT-HO specification within the XW range—a homologation special designed for racing purposes. Externally resembling the standard GT, it incorporated enhanced engines and upgraded suspension components. The 'HO' acronym stood for 'Handling Option,' but also included larger Holley carburetors among other performance improvements. The Phase I or 'Windsor HO' variant utilized the 351 in3 Windsor V8; this was later replaced by the more potent 351 Cleveland engine in the Phase II GT-HO, which delivered greater power output. Phase II models featured new five-slot wheel designs.
Additionally, the XW offered a GS ('Grand Sport') package available with six-cylinder engines of various displacements or Windsor V8s producing different power levels, excluding the Windsor V8 on Falcon 500, Futura, and Fairmont variants. This option incorporated elements from the GT such as a sports instrument cluster dash, sporty wheel trims, and distinctive striping. The GS package persisted until the release of the 1978 XC series I model, outlasting the GT badge which concluded with the XB series.
XY
Launched in October 1970, the XY Falcon presented minor changes to its grille and tail lights while maintaining much of the XW’s body structure. Six-cylinder engines were upgraded to higher outputs of two variants, and all sedans had access to a two-barrel carbureted version of the 351 Cleveland V8. The XY GT and GTHO Phase III models released in 1970 have since become highly sought-after collector vehicles.
The design of the GT evolved to include a 'Shaker' cold-air induction scoop protruding through the bonnet, twin broad GT stripes replacing earlier bonnet blackout panels, and revised side stripe patterns. It retained twin driving lights alongside a blacked-out panel positioned between the tail lights. Wheel design utilized five-slot steel rims first introduced on the XW Phase II GT-HO. The Phase III GT-HO added aerodynamic enhancements such as a plastic front spoiler and a bootlid spoiler inspired by Mustang Mach series models.
The upgraded Cleveland V8 in the 1971 XY GTHO Phase III generated an estimated power output exceeding official Ford figures. It featured a 780 cfm Holley carburetor replacing the previous 750 cfm unit found on XW GT-HO Phase II models along with numerous other performance modifications. This Phase III was Australia's fastest four-door production vehicle at speeds up to 141.5 mph (227.7 km/h), and potentially ranked among the fastest worldwide at that time. Despite extensive tuning for durability and racing performance, Ford's official rating for this engine remained at . In 1972, buyers could opt for 15-inch Globe 'Bathurst' alloy wheels as an upgrade for GTHO Phase III models.
During production of the XY series, Australia-specific enhanced versions of seven-main-bearing six-cylinder engines were introduced in displacements of , , and two-venturi variants of . Initially, Cleveland V8 engines were imported until local manufacturing commenced at Geelong Foundry for automatic Falcons starting mid-1972. Transmission choices included Ford-built units as well as Borg-Warner gearboxes paired with various rear axle configurations. The XY is widely regarded as Australia's premier Falcon model due to its Bathurst racing achievements, superior performance capabilities, build quality, and refinement—surpassing contemporaneous competitors in these aspects. This reputation is reflected in current market valuations where it commands higher prices relative to other Australian Falcons.
In November 1972, Ford unveiled Australia's first production four-wheel-drive passenger car-based utility using an XY platform equipped with a slanted 250 in³ six-cylinder engine positioned at a 30° angle to accommodate front axle suspension components.
XA
Following the cessation of Falcon production in the United States, Australian influence on Falcon design grew significantly from 1972 onward, although the XA model still reflected Mustang-inspired styling by designer Jack Telnack. This generation introduced a hardtop coupe featuring unique color options such as purple and wild plum, often complemented by white or black interior upholstery. The hardtop bore resemblance to the 1970–71 Ford Torino SportsRoof, sharing floor pan components and frameless window doors with the utility and panel van models. Drivetrain options from the XY series were retained initially, but the 250-2V engine was soon discontinued. Production of the high-performance 'full-house' GT-HO engines ended due to changes in racing regulations. A proposed 'Phase IV' GT-HO was ultimately canceled following the 'Supercar scare', although four units were completed.
The GT model continued to feature twin driving lights but eliminated bonnet stripes in favor of a blackout treatment. Fake vents appeared behind the front indicator lights on the guards, and NACA ducts were added to the bonnet for enhanced airflow. Steel 12-slot wheels made a return, while some GTs were equipped with five-spoke Globe 'Bathurst' wheels originally intended for the aborted GT-HO Phase IV. The rear suspension incorporated radius rods to improve axle positioning. Certain performance upgrades from Phase IV, including larger fuel tanks and winged sumps, were fitted on some GT models; these are frequently referred to as RPO83s after their option code, though installation was inconsistent.
XA hardtops can be identified by their rear tail lights featuring lenses that slope inward.
XB
Launched in 1973 with the tagline "The Great Australian Road Car," the XB Falcon exhibited more assertive styling, introduced a multifunction control stalk, added new color choices including body-colored bumpers on GT models, and underwent subtle trim revisions. Engine selections remained consistent with those offered on the XA. New panel van and utility configurations labeled "Surferoo," "Surfsider," and "Overnighter" were introduced.
Front disc brakes with power assist became standard equipment throughout the lineup; the XB GT upgraded to four-wheel disc brakes, replacing earlier large finned rear drum brakes. The initial 211 XB GTs utilized a US-manufactured Cleveland 351 V8 ('big port'), while subsequent versions featured an Australian-made variant with 'small port' cylinder heads and a four-barrel Autolite 4300 carburetor rated at @ 5400 rpm and @ 3400 rpm torque. Twin driving lights and bonnet locks remained standard features; bonnet scoops were integrated into a distinct "power bulge." Bumpers matched body paint colors, whereas accents like the power bulge, wheel arches, sills, and valances were typically finished in contrasting shades (commonly black).
The XB Falcon gained international fame through prominent appearances in Mad Max and Mad Max 2 (also known as The Road Warrior), showcasing yellow XA/XB police sedans alongside a customized black XB hardtop dubbed the Pursuit Special. Although commonly referred to as Max's Interceptor, actual MFP Interceptors were four-door sedans.
In August 1973, Ford unveiled the Ford Landau, a two-door personal coupe derived from the XB Falcon Hardtop.
XC
Debuting in July 1976, the XC Falcon was Ford's first model to meet Australian Design Rule 27A emissions standards. It introduced locally produced Cleveland V8 engines alongside the cross-flow (X-flow) six-cylinder engine, which remained in use through to the XF Falcon. The engine's long stroke and substantial displacement delivered strong towing capability, while robust castings and generous tolerances contributed to its reputation for durability.
The XC also marked Australia's first family sedans equipped with suspension optimized for radial-ply tires, marketed as "Touring Suspension" or 'Sports Handling Suspension'. Initially standard on Fairmont GXL sedans and optional on other variants, this suspension package became standard across all sedans and hardtops following the 1978 'XC½' facelift. Station wagons could opt for a heavier-duty suspension upgrade at no additional cost.
Additional enhancements included a redesigned dashboard layout, redesigned rear doors featuring lower sills, air extraction vents located in the C-pillars, and larger front and rear bumpers without valance panels.
XC hardtops are identifiable by tail lights with flat lenses surrounded by black bezels.
In 1977, Ford introduced the Falcon Sundowner Van based on the Falcon 500 Van platform. This model incorporated GS Hardtop features such as comprehensive instrumentation, bonnet scoops, sports wheels, and driving lights but excluded bodyside moldings and side windows typical of vans. The package also included distinctive side and rear decals, a "sedan ride" suspension rated for 500 kg load capacity, and ER70 H14 radial-ply tires.
Following Ford’s dominant 1–2 finish at the 1977 Hardie Ferodo 1000 race, a limited-edition Falcon Cobra was launched in 1978 using the final 400 hardtop coupe shells. Derived from the GS Hardtop trim level, each numbered Cobra featured Globe 15-inch alloy wheels inspired by Ferrari designs for improved brake cooling, ER70 H15 radial tires, full instrumentation suites, bonnet scoops, driving lights, dual exhausts, four-wheel disc brakes, and a distinctive white-and-blue paint scheme. Cars numbered between 002 and 199 as well as No. 351 were equipped with 5.8 L engines; all others had 4.9 L units.
Despite its popularity, Falcon sales generally trailed behind GM Holden’s Kingswood until 1978 when Holden replaced it with the smaller Commodore based on European Opel models. Anticipating rising fuel prices that never fully materialized, Holden lost market share as Ford dealers aggressively promoted the Cortina 6 until the arrival of the XD Falcon in 1979.
XD
The 1979 Ford Falcon XD, also known as Project Blackwood, showcased a design reminiscent of the European Ford Granada, though it was larger in size and offered fewer luxury features. Enhanced structural reinforcement of the body allowed for lighter components, which contributed to improved braking and overall performance. The Fairmont Ghia model took the place of the Fairmont GXL in the lineup.
Initially, the XD encountered challenges related to build quality and fuel efficiency. In 1980, the introduction of an alloy cylinder head enhanced fuel consumption and boosted output for the high-compression 4.1 L six-cylinder engine to . Despite this, external factors such as government mandates, the 1979 fuel crisis, and emissions regulations constrained advancements in high-performance variants.
Ford briefly contemplated eliminating the V8 engine from the Falcon range and substituting it with a smaller front-wheel-drive vehicle under the codename "Capricorn." However, robust sales figures for the Falcon by 1981 led to the abandonment of this plan.
XE
As fuel shortages eased, Australian consumers renewed their preference for full-size Falcons. The 1982 XE Falcon incorporated Watt's linkage coil-sprung rear suspension and employed differential ratios optimized for fuel economy in its 4.1 L models. This iteration outsold its Holden competitor and maintained Falcon's status as Australia's best-selling car until 1988.
Available transmissions consisted of three-speed manual column shifts or four-speed manual floor shifts, with a five-speed manual option offered on the base 3.3 L engine. Automatic transmissions were three-speed units with either column or floor shift configurations.
Ford ceased production of Australian-built 'Cleveland' V8 engines in 1982 but continued manufacturing limited four-bolt 351C engines for racing applications until 1985. The last V8-powered Falcon passenger vehicle before a production gap was a silver 4.9-litre XE Fairmont Ghia ESP sedan released in November 1982. Remaining 5.8 litre V8s were reserved for Bronco and F-series trucks until August 1985.
In 1983, Ford launched a 4.1 L EFI six-cylinder engine to replace the outgoing 4.9 L V8, delivering power and torque figures lower than those of its predecessor.
XF
The Falcon XF sedan and wagon were available from October 1984 through March 1988, transitioning to unleaded petrol compatibility in January 1986; meanwhile, ute and van models continued production until March 1993. The vehicle offered competent handling and ride quality; however, non-assisted steering felt heavy at low speeds with pronounced caster feedback following directional changes. Beginning in 1986, power steering and four-wheel disc brakes became standard equipment. The XF stands as Ford's highest-selling Falcon generation with over 278,000 units produced and notably was the first since the XP series not to include a V8 engine option.
XG
After the XF Falcon passenger cars were superseded by the EA series, XF commercial variants—including utilities and panel vans—remained unchanged due to no corresponding EA commercial models being introduced. The XG model debuted in March 1993 as the most substantial update to Falcon commercial vehicles in five years. It was rebranded as the 'Falcon Longreach' ute to highlight its ruggedness, drawing inspiration from Longreach’s outback legacy. The XG incorporated a new powerplant, refreshed exterior styling, and replaced previous three-speed column-shift manual and automatic transmissions with a five-speed manual floor shift.
Essentially an evolution of the XF platform, the XG adopted the EB II’s 4.0-litre OHC inline six-cylinder engine paired with either a five-speed manual or four-speed automatic transmission (available in floor or column shift), thereby retiring older drivetrain options. Interior enhancements included an instrument cluster derived from the EB series, updated centre console (for two-seater models), steering wheel design, and seating upgrades. Exterior modifications were subtle: an EB-style grille, black window trim replacing chrome accents, EB-style door rubbing strips, and front quarter panel indicators.
An XR6 version was introduced in October 1993 featuring the ED XR6’s 161 kW engine output, quad headlamps, front bumper-mounted indicators, sport-tuned suspension, ED XR6 seats and interior trim, 15-inch five-spoke alloy wheels, along with distinctive badging. Total sales reached 1,050 units through March 1996.
XH
Introduced in 1996, the XH series utility and van were updated versions of the XG models, redesigned to align with the styling of the then-current EF sedans and wagons. This series brought in a completely new front suspension system and rack-and-pinion steering derived from the EA–EL series, necessitating modifications to the frame and body ahead of the firewall. The ute’s roof was reshaped with a domed contour to provide enhanced headroom. Due to a decline in panel van demand, Ford ceased production of the Falcon panel van following the facelifted XH II series in 1997. Notably, the V8 engine made a comeback to the Falcon utility lineup after a two-decade hiatus. Production of the fourth-generation Falcon ended in June 1999.
EA
Launched in 1988 after an investment of A$700 million, the Ford EA Falcon exhibited design elements reminiscent of the European Ford Scorpio but was fully engineered in Australia. It was the first Falcon model to undergo wind tunnel testing and was available exclusively as a sedan or station wagon, while production of the earlier XF utility and panel van models continued.
The EA came in four trim options and offered three inline-six engines: a base 3.2-litre CFI (mostly replaced by a 3.9-litre variant), a luxury Fairmont with a 3.9-litre CFI, and sportier versions such as the Falcon S pack and Fairmont Ghia equipped with 3.9-litre multi-point fuel injection. Transmission choices included a five-speed manual and initially a three-speed automatic that was later upgraded to four-speed automatics in Series II and EB models.
Known internally as EA26, this generation preserved traditional Falcon characteristics like broad dimensions and rear-wheel drive, catering to Australian preferences for spacious family vehicles despite ongoing fuel concerns. This approach enabled Ford to regain market share while rivals such as Holden Commodore experienced declines. Furthermore, Ford’s dominance in Australia’s taxi industry required roomy interiors, supporting sustained government fleet sales until Holden introduced the Statesman/Caprice in 1990.
Early EA versions were hampered by quality control problems including inconsistent panel alignment, electrical faults, subpar paint finishes, and front suspension misalignment. The Series II update released in October 1989 brought enhancements such as a four-speed automatic transmission, body-colored B-pillars, and discontinued the 3.2-litre engine. Although these improvements boosted reliability, resale prices remained low—a pattern also observed with contemporary Ford Fairlane NA and LTD DA series models as well as continuing XF-based ute and panel van variants.
EB
The 1991 EB Falcon closely followed its predecessor’s design with minor revisions to front and rear styling including repositioned Ford emblems and updated taillight trims. This iteration reintroduced the V8 engine option for sedans for the first time since 1982 and revived the Falcon GT badge with a limited "25th Anniversary" edition comprising 265 units.<ref> Both this special edition and the initial XR6 and XR8 performance models—marketed as S-XR6 and S-XR8—were launched alongside the EB Series through the Tickford Vehicle Engineering (TVE) collaboration.<ref>
Costing around A$1 million,<ref> the Series II refresh released in April 1992 featured an enlarged 4.0-litre six-cylinder engine (increased from 3949 cc to 3984 cc), upgraded transmission and electronics, along with significant styling revisions such as body-colored bumpers and glossy door handles on base trims.<ref> Safety improvements included standard "Smartlock" security systems, optional anti-lock braking systems, mandatory rear lap sash seatbelts from 1993 onwards, foam-filled A-pillars for enhanced crash protection, plus reduced noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) levels.<ref>
ED
The ED Falcon debuted with a distinctive elliptical front grille that set it apart from the EB model, while the XR6 and XR8 sport variants were equipped with exclusive quad headlamp arrangements. The Futura trim made a comeback, aimed at private buyers and featuring amenities such as cruise control, anti-lock braking systems, and mirrors painted to match the body color. Significantly, the Fairmont Ghia luxury trim was not offered in a station wagon version for the first time since the XF series.
Engine outputs comprised 148 kW for the standard 4.0 L six-cylinder, 161 kW for the high-performance XR6, and 165 kW at 4500 rpm for the 5.0 L EFI V8.
EF
Released in August 1994, the EF introduced a more rounded body design while retaining doors and much of its framework from the earlier EA–ED lineup. The station wagon preserved the rear styling from the ED. Inside, the cabin underwent a comprehensive redesign featuring prominent cup holders and a stronger focus on safety. A driver’s airbag became standard across all variants, marking a first for Australian vehicles. Structural reinforcements improved rollover resistance and frontal crash protection, complemented by the innovative "Smart Bar" bullbar engineered to work seamlessly with the airbag system. The EF carried the internal codename EA77.
The 4.0 L inline six-cylinder engine received an upgrade to 157 kW (211 hp), incorporating a coil-pack ignition system—another Falcon first—and a dual-length intake manifold to enhance performance. Suspension adjustments aimed to provide a smoother ride but drew criticism for inducing nervous handling and roll oversteer, issues later rectified in the EL facelift.
In October 1995, the Series II facelift introduced an optional passenger airbag that uniquely protected both front and center occupants (except in GLi models with bench seats). The Fairmont Ghia trim came standard with dual airbags alongside the XR6 engine, leather upholstery, chrome detailing, and lowered suspension. Neoprene insulation was added to reduce cabin noise and improve refinement. The XR6 station wagon was discontinued during this update.
The EF also pioneered the use of polycarbonate headlight lenses instead of traditional glass, resulting in reduced weight and enhanced shatter resistance.
EL
The EL Falcon, launched in October 1996 as the final iteration of the E-series, served as a facelift of the EF designed to maintain sales until the arrival of the sixth-generation AU Falcon. Visually, it reinstated grilles on GLi and Futura trims consistent with Ford’s global design language. Updates included redesigned bonnet, front bumper, headlamps, and new grille designs on luxury Fairmont variants. Minor modifications were made to quad headlamps on XR sport models. All trims received new wheel covers; station wagons switched from amber to white-tinted indicators.
Engine updates removed the coil-pack ignition but retained power output at 149 kW at 4900 rpm and torque figures at 355 Nm at 3000 rpm. The final drive ratio shifted from 3.23:1 to 3.08:1, allowing an engine speed of 1700 rpm at 100 km/h in fourth gear.
Handling improvements addressed previous complaints through upgraded rear suspension and steering systems developed in partnership with Tickford Vehicle Engineering. The Fairmont Ghia introduced speed-sensitive power steering to facilitate easier parking without sacrificing high-speed maneuverability. Except for GLi models, all variants featured standard Bosch 5.3 ABS brakes and "Smart Tint" window film providing SPF15-level sun protection.
Interior enhancements included redesigned seats with updated headrests, refreshed color schemes, and revised switchgear. Station wagons gained optional third-row seating and an electrical system designed to support mobile phone connectivity.
AU
Introduced in 1998, the AU Falcon range comprised models such as Forté (previously GLi), S, Futura, Fairmont, Fairmont Ghia, XR6, XR6 VCT, and XR8. Distinctions among variants were achieved through unique grille designs and bonnet shapes—for instance, the Forté featured a lowered bonnet paired with a vertical "waterfall" grille, whereas the Fairmont had a raised bonnet with a larger grille. Additional differentiation included variations in alloy wheel styles, tail light configurations, body paint options, and chrome detailing.
Initially, Ford explored updating the fifth-generation Falcon or importing other models like the American front-wheel-drive Ford Taurus, rear-wheel-drive Ford Crown Victoria, European rear-wheel-drive Ford Scorpio, or Japanese rear-wheel-drive Mazda 929 (then under Ford ownership).
The AU project, internally known as "EA169," embraced Ford's global New Edge styling philosophy aimed at departing from the understated designs prevalent in the 1990s. Although this design language found success with the Ford Focus, it was met with less enthusiasm by AU Falcon customers.
Subsequent revisions—Series II in April 2000 and Series III in November 2001—addressed aesthetic and interior shortcomings by raising the bonnet on non-XR variants, eliminating the unpopular Forté "waterfall" grille, enlarging bumpers and wheels, and upgrading cabin materials.
Mechanical improvements encompassed enhanced braking systems, a laminated firewall to reduce noise and vibration (NVH), and incremental boosts to V8 engine output. Despite these enhancements and incentives such as complimentary air conditioning and automatic transmission on Forté models plus three years or 60,000 km of free servicing, sales remained behind key competitor Holden VT and VX Commodores.
This generation marked several Australian production milestones including the introduction of six-cylinder Variable Cam Timing (VCT) and adaptive automatic transmissions featuring steering wheel-mounted shift buttons on high-performance Tickford T-series variants.
BA
Unveiled in September 2002, the BA Falcon signified a substantial redevelopment of the AU platform with Ford allocating over AU$500 million—far exceeding initial projections. The BA secured the Wheels Car of the Year Award in 2002. Its model range included XT (formerly Forté), Futura, Fairmont, Fairmont Ghia, XR6, and XR8. Key technical advancements involved a redesigned Control-Blade independent rear suspension, an overhauled inline six-cylinder engine lineup, introduction of two new V8 powerplants, and updated transmission systems. The exterior adopted a modern European-inspired aesthetic featuring refined front and rear fascias along with improved build quality and finish. Noteworthy design modifications included relocating windscreen washer nozzles to the cowl panel area and incorporating subflush headlamps. Internally, the previous oval instrument cluster was replaced by a conventional layout centered around a large LCD screen embedded within the satin-finished "Interior Command Centre" (ICC) console. Emphasis was placed on enhancing tactile surfaces and overall interior sophistication. Within twelve months of launch, Falcon sales experienced significant growth that briefly surpassed those of the Holden Commodore.
Ford introduced its new Barra family of 4.0-litre DOHC VCT straight-six engines comprising a turbocharged variant delivering / power output alongside a naturally aspirated base model rated at . Additionally, the BA debuted North American-designed 5.4 L 4V Boss and Barra 3V V8 engines: specifically the Barra 220 (/), Boss 260 (/), and Boss 290 (/). These power units provided smoother performance and improved fuel economy compared to the prior Ford Windsor engine used in the AU series. In October 2004, Ford introduced the BA Mark II update which featured a six-speed manual gearbox option, four new exterior paint choices, and refreshed wheel designs.
In response to shrinking demand for large sedans within Australia’s market, Ford launched the Territory crossover SUV in 2004. This vehicle utilized components from the BA Falcon including its engine architecture, floorpan structure, and independent rear suspension system.
BF
Introduced in October 2005, the BF update emphasized enhancements to the powertrain rather than exterior redesigns. Mechanical refinements included subtle engine adjustments, primarily targeting the VCT system to optimize camshaft timing, along with improvements in noise, vibration, and harshness levels. The naturally aspirated six-cylinder engine's output was boosted to , facilitated by the adoption of 5–30 weight oil, which contributed to better fuel consumption and adherence to Euro III emission standards. Meanwhile, the turbocharged variant's power increased to , delivering of torque. Ford also debuted the six-speed ZF 6HP26 automatic gearbox and introduced electronic stability control on selected trims.
The Series II iteration arrived in October 2006, with BF II turbo models utilizing the same engine as the FPV Typhoon but operating at a reduced boost pressure of 6 PSI compared to FPV’s 9 PSI. Certain trims such as XT, Futura, and Fairmont featured a sportier and more aerodynamic front fascia. The XT trim gained access to the six-speed automatic transmission alongside the standard four-speed unit. Fuel economy improved to for the base XT model and for versions equipped with the ZF six-speed automatic.
Following the absence of a wagon variant in the 2008 FG Falcon launch, Ford reintroduced an updated BF Mark III exclusively as a wagon and solely in the base XT trim. This Mark III version incorporated Dynamic Stability Control (available on petrol models only), adopted a flip key design from the FG series, and added Satin Alloy Accents around the grille.
Production of the Falcon wagon ceased at the close of 2010, supplanted by the smaller imported Ford Mondeo wagon and locally built Territory SUV. The final petrol-powered BF model was manufactured on 30 June 2010; however, LPG E-Gas variants continued production until September of that year.
FG
The seventh-generation Falcon, designated as the FG (originally known internally as project Orion), was revealed on 17 February 2008. The FG name pays homage to the discontinued Fairmont Ghia and introduced a streamlined lineup comprising Falcon XT, XR6, XR8, and G-series models G6 and G6E, which replaced both base Fairmont and Fairmont Ghia (the latter’s V8 substituted by the G6E Turbo).
Upgrades were made to the inline six-cylinder engine, now producing at 6000 rpm and at 3250 rpm. Turbocharged XR6 Turbo and G6E Turbo variants delivered outputs of and respectively. This turbocharged powerplant featured a redesigned induction system including a larger intercooler, higher compression ratio, increased boost pressure, and reinforced internal components. Additionally, E-Gas (LPG) options were available on XT, G6, and G6E trims. Fuel efficiency saw improvements compared to earlier versions. The XR6 Turbo earned Motor magazine’s 2008 "Bang for your Buck" accolade.
The FG introduced an innovative "Virtual-Pivot" front suspension setup designed to enhance steering precision and handling dynamics while complementing Ford’s Control-Blade IRS system first seen in 2002.
At launch, the XR8 was offered as the sole V8 model equipped with a 5.4 L V8 engine generating and . Due to tightening emissions standards in 2010, this engine was quietly phased out. Subsequently, Ford Performance Vehicles (FPV) introduced a locally adapted version of Ford America’s 5.0 L Coyote V8 to meet FPV specifications. FPV also launched the GS model to bridge the gap between the XR6 Turbo and higher-performance FPV V8 variants following the XR8 discontinuation.
The modular 5.0 L V8 made its debut in June 2010 with two configurations: "Boss 315" rated at / , and "Boss 335" delivering / .
In celebration of fifty years of Falcon production in Australia during 2010, Ford released a commemorative XR50 edition alongside updates to the FG range.
The FG Mk2 facelift appeared in late 2010 standardizing iPod connectivity and Bluetooth functionality across all trims; an 8-inch touchscreen became standard on all except XT models. The ZF six-speed automatic transmission replaced previous four- and five-speed gearboxes throughout the lineup. Exterior revisions included redesigned front bumpers and new wheel options; curtain airbags were made standard equipment across all variants.
Additional Mk2 improvements encompassed an updated HVAC system, six airbags as standard for enhanced occupant safety, and upgraded sound insulation contributing to reduced cabin noise.
In mid-2009, Ford announced plans for a direct-injection turbocharged four-cylinder EcoBoost Falcon model. This vehicle debuted in April 2012 featuring a 2.0 L GTDI EcoBoost engine—the first four-cylinder Falcon ever produced.
A liquid-injection LPG powertrain known as EcoLPi launched in late 2011 offering superior performance and fuel efficiency compared to its predecessor E-Gas LPG system.
The FG Falcon became Australia’s first domestically manufactured car to achieve a five-star rating in ANCAP crash testing with a score of 34.6 out of 37 points. Unlike Mk1 variants, all Mk2 Falcons attained five stars owing largely to inclusion of six standard airbags.
This generation also marked the conclusion of Ford Performance Vehicles’ production following limited-edition releases such as FPV GT-F 351 sedans (500 units for Australia and 50 for New Zealand) and Pursuit Ute (120 units) in June 2014.
FG X
The FG X series, internally known as 201X, represented the Falcon's concluding production chapter, which ended on 7 October 2016.
In July 2014, Ford Australia unveiled official photographs of the Falcon’s final edition in XR trim, bringing back the XR8 and branding it as the "best Falcon ever" produced.
This FG X model introduced a revamped front fascia featuring Ford’s Kinetic 2.0 design language, highlighted by the trapezoidal grille inspired by the Ford Evos concept. Following the shutdown of Ford Performance Vehicles, the legendary XR8 made a comeback, integrating much of the FPV GT’s drivetrain along with the Australian-made supercharged "Miami" variant of the Coyote V8 engine.
In August 2014, Ford Australia officially designated this ultimate Falcon generation as "FG X," a name chosen based on feedback from enthusiasts. This nomenclature pays tribute to previous Fairmont and Ghia nameplates (notably the G6 trim), while the "X" nods to Falcon’s well-known XR to XF heritage.
Falcon utility
The robust demand for utes (utility vehicles) in Australia established the Falcon as a foundation for utes and panel van variants since 1961. These vehicles gained particular traction with younger consumers by the mid-1960s. Typically, these utility models developed alongside Falcon sedans and wagons, with their updates trailing by approximately one year. The XF series was a notable exception, persisting into the early EA26 period. Although prototypes for EA26 utes existed, production continued using the XF body shell until the 1998 AU launch, incorporating features such as EF series front ends and mixed interior components. For instance, some late Series XH utes were produced without airbags.
Between 2004 and 2010, a collaborative initiative involving TJ Andrews Funeral Directors, Leslie Consulting’s Simon Orton, Tod Lawler, and Ford Australia engineer Graeme Sheahan resulted in an award-winning modified Falcon Ute hearse (Allonge). This vehicle was designed specifically for funeral services and featured a world-class LPG-powered engine.
Falcon ute manufacturing concluded on 29 July 2016, after a total output of 467,690 units spanning from 1961 to 2016.
Exports
Exports of Australian Falcons predominantly targeted right-hand-drive markets within the Asia-Pacific region, including New Zealand—where Ford New Zealand offered unique trims such as the XR Falcon 600 and XA Luxury V8—and Pacific Island nations like Papua New Guinea and Fiji. Assembly in New Zealand commenced in 1966 with the XR model at Seaview before relocating to Wiri in 1973. These vehicles largely adhered to Australian specifications but were limited in options; notably, the locally assembled 1979 XD Fairmont Ghia 302 V8 became New Zealand’s first car equipped with air conditioning. Assembly operations ceased in the early 1990s, transitioning to full imports from Australia thereafter.
Outside Oceania, South Africa was the principal export destination. The EL model debuted there in 1996 offering GLi, Futura, Fairmont, and XR6 variants. The AU series followed but was withdrawn in the early 2000s. Previously, the XY Falcon had been assembled locally as the Fairmont before complete importation began. Additionally, some limousines and LPG-fueled hearses were exported to the UK by Coleman Milne—a company also responsible for converting European Ford models for similar applications. Furthermore, select XA and XB Fairmonts and LTDs were shipped to the UK with modifications ensuring compliance with EU regulations.
Hong Kong imported a limited number of LPG-powered AU Falcon wagons intended for taxi service trials due to their superior luggage space compared to competitors like the Toyota Comfort; however, elevated operating expenses hindered widespread adoption.
Ford Australia had planned development of a left-hand-drive Falcon variant aimed at expanding export opportunities and secured government funding for this project. Nevertheless, in October 2007, Ford Australia president Tom Gorman announced its cancellation and redirected resources toward local production of the Ford Focus compact car—which was ultimately manufactured in Thailand due to component sourcing challenges. The FG Falcon’s platform design rendered left-hand-drive conversion prohibitively expensive and complex.
There were also considerations to export the FG Falcon to China and Middle Eastern markets; however, sales prospects in the Middle East were limited by strong market preference for the Ford Crown Victoria—later discontinued—thereby restricting Falcon’s growth in that region.
Successors and Production Conclusion
In 1996, Ford Australia brought in the third-generation Taurus as a possible successor to the long-standing Falcon platform. Available exclusively as a sedan in the premium Ghia trim equipped with a luxury package, this model was smaller than the Falcon and featured a 3.0 litre V6 engine. Due to weak market reception, Taurus imports ceased in 1998, coinciding with the introduction of the AU Falcon.
By 2009, Ford's European design chief Martin Smith remarked that even the upcoming sixth-generation Taurus, set for release in 2010, was unable to fully replace the rear-wheel-drive Falcon despite comparable dimensions.
On 23 May 2013, Ford Australia declared it would end local vehicle production by October 2016, marking the retirement of the Falcon after a 56-year run. This decision was influenced by high manufacturing expenses—four times greater than those in Ford’s Asian facilities and double that of Europe’s—and declining sales figures, effectively ending Ford’s 90-year manufacturing legacy in Australia. This announcement dispelled rumors about substituting the Falcon with a global platform under Ford’s "One Ford" approach, which had explored either a rear-wheel-drive chassis shared with the Mustang or a front-wheel-drive platform common to the Explorer and Taurus. Ultimately, Ford opted to designate the Ford Mustang coupe as its exclusive global rear-wheel-drive model while discontinuing the Falcon name.
The European fourth-generation Mondeo alongside the North American sixth-generation Mustang served as indirect successors to the Falcon. Beginning in 2015, the right-hand drive Mustang re-entered the Australian market after a 13-year hiatus, bolstering Ford’s worldwide Mustang sales and providing an Australian flagship to follow on from the Falcon XR and FPV GT V8 lineup.
Sales
| rowspan="2" Template:Vert header | Model | 1980 |
1981 |
1982 |
1983 |
1984 |
1985 |
1986 |
1987 |
1988 |
1989 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 84,184 | 61,549 | 68,313 | 76,818 | ||||||||
| rowspan="4" Template:Vert header | Model | 1990 |
1991 |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
| Sedan/wagon | 58,967 | 48,430 | 57,832 | 64,941 | 72,924 | 81,366 | 77,835 | 71,850 | 68,758 | 70,084 | |
| Ute | ? | 3,545 | 3,365 | 4,831 | 6,746 | 6,922 | 8,094 | 7,311 | 6,769 | 10,493 | |
| Van† | ? | 1,643 | 1,406 | 1,385 | 1,464 | 1,391 | 1,144 | 1,004 | 864 | 383 | |
| rowspan="3" Template:Vert header | Model | 2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
| Sedan/wagon | 60,460 | 53,534 | 54,629 | 73,220 | 65,384 | 53,080 | 42,390 | 33,941 | 31,936 | 31,023 | |
| Ute | 13,698 | 16,955 | 17,883 | 20,212 | 20,123 | 18,384 | 15,858 | 13,758 | 12,600 | 12,180 | |
| rowspan="3" Template:Vert header | Model | 2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 | 2019 |
| Sedan/wagon†† | 29,516 | 18,741 | 14,036 | 10,610 | 6,349 | 5,938 | 4,434 | 210 | |||
| Ute | 9,099 | 6,814 | 5,733 | 4,679 | 2,785 | 2,654 | 2,170 | 72 |
Production of Falcon vans concluded in 1999.
Manufacture of Falcon station wagons ended in 2010.
External links
- Falcon timeline provided by Ford Australia
- Falcon information (archived)