List of Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 operators

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 operators

Industry	Military aviation
Area served	Worldwide
Products	Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21

File:Mig21 operators in 2025.png

Operators of the MiG-21

  Active

  Former

  Captured

File:Bulgarian Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis Lofting-1.jpg

Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis of the Bulgarian Air Force

This document enumerates both current and previous users of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21.

Angola

File:Angolan Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis.jpg

MiG-21bis operated by Angola

The Angolan Air Force (FAPA-DAA) maintained 23 aircraft in operational status as of 2023. Initial deliveries from the USSR commenced in January 1976, consisting of 12 MiG-21MFs, which were assigned to a unit entirely staffed by Cuban personnel. Between 1981 and 1982, Angola received 20 second-hand MiG-21PFM fighters and two MiG-21UM trainers from the Soviet Union. In 1983, an additional batch of 30 MiG-21bis was supplied, followed by another 32 units in 1984, alongside two reconnaissance MiG-21R aircraft. Reports indicated that these jets were phased out by 2007; however, Flight International noted that 23 remained active as of December 2021.

The following units operated MiG-21s:

• 9th Fighter Training Squadron
• 24th Air Instructional Regiment
• 25th Air Combat Fighter Regiment
  • 11th Fighter Squadron
  • 12th Fighter Squadron (replaced by MiG-23s in 1987)
  • 13th Fighter Squadron (replaced by MiG-23s in 1987)

Details regarding combat engagements involving Angolan MiG-21s are limited. On March 13, 1976, two FAPA-DAA MiG-21MFs destroyed an Air Zaïre Fokker F27 on the ground at Lumbala Airport using S-24 rockets. Multiple Angolan MiG-21MFs were lost in aerial combat, all attributed to the South African Air Force. The first loss occurred on November 6, 1981, when a Mirage F1CZ piloted by Johann Rankin shot down one aircraft with gunfire. On October 5, 1982, two additional MiG-21MFs sustained damage from Mirage F1CZ fighters; although both returned to base safely, they were subsequently written off.

Cuba

File:FAR-MiG-21bisLAZUR(DN-ST-97-00882).jpg

Side view of a Cuban MiG-21 fighter inside VF-45 hangar; defected to Key West on September 20, 1993

As of 2023, the Cuban Air Force operates four MiG-21s. In 1962, the Revolutionary Air Defense Forces (DAAFAR) received a delivery of 44 MiG-21F-13s. Between 1964 and 1967, an additional dozen MiG-21PFMs were introduced. A potential delivery of a MiG-21PFMA from Poland was later replaced by MF variants. In 1966, Cuba acquired two MiG-21U (izd .66-400) and two MiG-21U (izd .66-600) trainers. Four reconnaissance MiG-21Rs arrived in 1968. From 1972 through 1974, sixty MiG-21MFs were delivered forming two squadrons, with one deployed to Angola. Starting in 1981, seventy-two MiG-21bis (izd .75A) were supplied. Additionally, six MiG-21UM trainers arrived in 1968. Plans to introduce the MiG-21US were abandoned due to alternative trainer availability. Altogether, Cuba received approximately 202 aircraft across all series; official sources state that DAAFAR maintained an extra inventory of about 68 units to replace losses from accidents or defections, totaling roughly 270 delivered aircraft. Following the Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991, operational numbers declined sharply due to cannibalization for parts. By 1994, some MiG-21bis models were retired; all radar-less MiG-21F-13s were withdrawn in 1995. A portion was placed in reserve or supplemented later on. Two MiG-21PFMs (serial numbers:384 and1006) were donated to museums; ten others were transferred to North Korea. Currently, only four MiG-21MFs remain operational.

In the year 1990, Cuban MiG-21s were assigned to these units:

• 1a Brigada de Guardia "Batalla de Sta Clara"
  • 11o Regimiento de Caza (Santa Clara)
    • 111o Escuadrone
    • 112o Escuadrone
• 2a Brigada de Guardia "Playa Girón"
  • 22o Regimiento de Caza (Baracoa)
    • 221o Escuadrone
    • 222o Escuadrone
• 3a Brigada de Guardia "Cuartel Moncada"
  • 31o Regimiento de Caza (Camagüey)
    • 311o Escuadrone
    • 312o Escuadrone

Guinea

Air Force of Guinea: 3 aircraft operational as of 2023. In 1986, the delivery included eight 'MiG-21MF' and one 'MiG-21U'. Five were refurbished in Russia and reinstated into active service; one of these crashed into a television tower in 2007. As of December 2021, three remained active.

Libya

Libyan Air Force: 12 aircraft active as of 2023. Libya placed an order in 1976 for 64 MiG-21bis fighters along with MiG-21UM trainers. Nine were designated to train and equip a unit planned to become the nucleus of a future "Palestinian Air Force," intended to be established upon Palestine's liberation. According to Israeli intelligence, 33 MiG-21s were still operational in 2006. Currently, the 1021st squadron based at Gamal Abdel Nasser Air Base near Tobruk continues to operate MiG-21bis fighters and MiG-21UM trainers.

In 2014, Egypt supplied the Libyan National Army – Air Force with seven MiG-21MFs. On March 6, 2016, an additional six former Egyptian Air Force MiG-21MFs arrived at Gamal Abdel Nasser Air Base. These aircraft, along with several other Libyan MiG-21s, have been flown from this base near Tobruk and actively engaged in combat missions. Since January 1, 2016, at least three have been lost due to shootdowns or accidents. By 2017, the Libyan National Army possessed a total of 14 MiG-21s, including three dual-seat MiG-21UM variants.

Mali

File:Mali ECOMOG troops hangar.jpg

Malian MiG-21s in 1997

Malian Air Force: Twelve MiG-21bis and a minimum of four MiG-21UM aircraft were delivered from the USSR, likely during 1985 or 1986. Additionally, two MiG-21MFs along with one more MiG-21UM arrived from the Czech Republic in 2005. As of December 2023, Mali operates nine MiG-21s.

Mozambique

Mozambique Air Force: 8 operational units as of 2023. Beginning in 1983, the USSR supplied Mozambique with 48 MiG-21bis aircraft intended for combat against the RENAMO insurgents. Following the ceasefire agreement in 1990, all these jets were placed into storage, and by 1992, most had become non-operational. As of December 2021, the Mozambique Air Force was reported to have eight MiG-21s actively in service.

North Korea

Korean People's Army Air Force: 26 active aircraft as of 2023. It is widely recognized that the KPAAF received at least 200 MiG-21s, including approximately 30 units manufactured in China. Deliveries began with 14 MiG-21F-13s arriving by or before 1963, followed by a total of 80 by 1966–67. Between 1968 and 1971, an additional 65 MiG-21PFM models were delivered, along with 24 more in 1974. According to US CIA data, the number of MiG-21s in North Korea was around 120 by 1977 but decreased to approximately 50 by 1983. In 1985, reports indicate that about 150 MiG-21PFM and MiG-21MF aircraft were supplied. Kyrgyzstan delivered 38 MiG-21bis izdeliye 75A jets in 1999. As of December 2021, Flight International recorded 26 MiG-21s in active service. Additionally, about 50 MiG-21 trainers of various versions were received, with an estimated 30 still operational.

Although detailed information on the North Korean air force remains limited, it is documented that a KPAF MiG-21PFM downed a US Army CH-47 helicopter on July 14, 1977. The KPAF also engaged during the Vietnam War; notable incidents include a KPAF MiG-21 shooting down a USAF RF-4C on August 31, 1967, another destroying a USAF F-105D on January 14, 1968, and a further MiG-21 eliminating a USN F-4B on February 12, 1968.

Sudan

Sudanese Air Force: Four aircraft operational as of 2023. Starting in 1969, Sudan acquired 18 MiG-21M fighters from the USSR alongside several MiG-21US trainer variants. Between 1974 and 1977, an additional delivery included up to 22 MiG-21Ms and four MiG-21US trainers. By the year 1992, only seven fighters and two trainers remained in inventory, with roughly half considered airworthy. Reports from 2008 indicated all were out of service; however, there were plans to receive twelve used MiG-21s from Ukraine in 2007. According to Flight International, four MiG-21s remained active as of December 2022. The sole recorded air-to-air engagement involving Sudanese MiG-21s took place on September 20, 1972, when two MiG-21Ms compelled several Libyan Air Force C-130 transport aircraft to land at Khartoum International Airport.

Syria

As of 2023, the Syrian Air Force operates 51 MiG-21 aircraft. Initial deliveries included 45 MiG-21F-13 models around 1965, followed by 36 MiG-21PF variants in 1966. Prior to the Six-Day War in 1967, six F-13s were lost, and during the conflict itself, Syrian forces lost 32 out of 60 F-13 and PF models. These losses were replenished through subsequent shipments from the USSR, supplemented by four MiG-21F-13s from Czechoslovakia and twelve PFs provided free of charge by Hungary at Kecskemét Air Base. Beginning in 1968, deliveries included 100 MiG-21PFM and PFS variants, with an additional six MiG-21Rs arriving during the 1970s. Between 1971 and 1973, Syria received 61 MiG-21MF aircraft; however, heavy losses sustained during the Yom Kippur War—where Syrian forces lost approximately 180 fighters of various types—led to an additional order of 75 MF models from the USSR. During this war, Syria also acquired twelve MiG-21Ms from East Germany and another twelve MiG-21F-13s from Poland. It is estimated that Syria lost around 54 MiG-21 and MiG-23 fighters during the 1982 Lebanon War, after which the USSR supplied approximately 198 MiG-21bis aircraft throughout the 1980s. Trainer variants included about eight MiG-21U units delivered in the 1960s and roughly twenty MiG-21UMs around 1973. By 2007, eight squadrons remained equipped with MiG-21s—around 200 aircraft in total—including units such as the 8th Squadron (MiG-21MF) based at Deir ez-Zor, the 12th Squadron (MiG-21MF) stationed at Tabqa, the 679th and 680th Squadrons (both operating MiG-21MF) at Hama, and the 825th, 826th, 945th, and 946th Squadrons (all flying MiG-21bis) located at Al Qusayr.

Uganda

As of 2023, the Ugandan Air Force maintains five MiG-21 aircraft in active service. In the early 1970s, Uganda received up to eighteen MiG-21MF fighters alongside three MiG-21U trainers. During the Israeli raid on Entebbe in 1976, seven of these fighters were destroyed; subsequently, Tanzanian forces either destroyed or captured most of the remaining aircraft in 1979. Remnants of these wrecked planes were still visible in Entebbe as late as 2003. In 1998, Uganda acquired six MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A) and one MiG-21UM from Poland. Shortly after delivery, on July 15, 1999, one of these aircraft crashed resulting in a fatality for its pilot. From October that year onward, Israel Aerospace Industries undertook overhauls and upgrades on the MiG-21bis fleet to a configuration designated as MiG-21-2000. Another fatal crash involving a MiG-21bis occurred in July 2003. On June 17, 2006, a MiG-21UM crashed into Lake Victoria, but both pilots safely ejected. In December 2008, during operations against the Lord's Resistance Army, a MiG-21bis crashed during takeoff from Matari Airport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing its pilot. Later acquisitions included an additional MiG-21UM purchased from Georgia in the late 2000s and at least one MiG-21bis obtained from Ukraine around 2010. As of December 2021, five MiG-21 aircraft remained operational within Uganda’s air force.

Yemen

Yemeni Air Force: As of 2023, 19 aircraft remain operational. Following the 1994 civil conflict, the air force acquired MiG-21s from both the former North Yemen and South Yemen air forces. A total of 24 MiG-21bis and 4 MiG-21UM underwent refurbishment in Odesa, but Yemen defaulted on payment for eight units, which consequently were never returned. By 2023, reports indicated that 19 MiG-21s were still active within the fleet.

Afghanistan

Afghan Air Force: The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Air Force initially received 40 MiG-21F-13s (izd. 74) in 1973. From 1979 onwards, deliveries included 70 MiG-21MF (izd. 96F), 50 MiG-21bis (izd. 75A and 75B), and 6 MiG-21UM (izd. 69A). Additionally, some aircraft left behind by Soviet forces after their withdrawal were incorporated into the DRAAF inventory, such as MiG-21PFS (izd. 94A) and MiG-21PFM (izd. 94A). Following the collapse of the communist regime, various warlords' militias operated MiG-21s. The Taliban established the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan Air Force, which reportedly operated at least one MiG-21PFM, eight MiG-21MFs, five MiG-21bis, one MiG-21U (izd. 66-400), and three MiG-21UMs; all these aircraft are now out of commission, either abandoned or destroyed.

In the late 1980s, MiG-21s were assigned to these units:

• 322nd Fighter Regiment (FR) at Bagram:
  • Four squadrons each comprising 20 MiG-21MF/bis and two MiG-21UM aircraft
• 393rd FR based in Mazar-e-Sharif:
  • Three squadrons operating a mix of 20 MiG-21MF/PFM/bis and two MiG-21UM each

During the civil war years of 1994–1995, combat operations involving MiG-21s occurred. Northern Alliance pilots flying MiG-21s succeeded in downing one enemy MiG-21, three Su-22 fighters, and an additional aircraft belonging to the Dostum–Gulbuddin militia air force; meanwhile, the DGMAF reportedly destroyed a Northern Alliance MiG-21 with a Su-22 fighter. Taliban-operated IEAAF MiG-21s are credited with shooting down two Northern Alliance Mi-8 helicopters, while a Northern Alliance MiG-21 is documented to have shot down an IEAFF Su-20. In 1986, Pakistani F-6s (Shenyang J-6) and Mirage III fighters are known to have shot down four DRAAF MiG-21s.

Algeria

Algerian Air Force (QJJ) began receiving MiG-21F-13 fighters starting in 1965, totaling 40 units delivered. In 1967, twenty of these were transferred to Egypt for use during the Six-Day War. During this conflict, six Algerian MiG-21s landed at an Israeli-captured airbase—one pilot destroyed his aircraft deliberately; five others were captured, with four subsequently transported to the United States for evaluation by the USAF. In the late 1960s, Algeria also acquired some MiG-21FL variants along with six reported deliveries of the reconnaissance-configured MiG-21R. Further procurement included 52 MiG-21MF fighters and several MiG-21UM trainers. In 1975, Algeria ordered 47 additional MiG-21bis models followed by another batch of 40 in 1978. Some of these aircraft were later exchanged to Ukraine as part of a deal involving acquisition of 36 MiG-29S jets; comparable arrangements may have been made with Belarus, which supplied Algeria with an additional 36 MiG-29S fighters. The final withdrawal of Algerian MiG-21s occurred by 2003.

Prior to 1993, these units operated MiG-21s:

• 11e Escadron de Chasse – flying MiG-21FL models from Tindouf as of September 1973
• 12e Escadron de Chasse – operating both MiG-21FL and MiG-21R variants from Aïn Oussera as of September 1973
• 14e Escadron de Chasse (Tindouf) – equipped with MiG-21MF fighters
• 15e Escadron de Chasse – flying MiG-21FL types from Béchar as recorded in September 1973
• 17e Escadron de Chasse – functioned as an operational conversion unit for the type beginning in 1974
• 19e Escadron de Combat – multi-role squadron operating MiG-21MF aircraft from Bou Sfer as of September 1973
• 23e Escadron de Combat – multi-role unit flying MiG-21MF jets from Boufarik, deployed to Egypt during October 1973 before disbandment
• Additional units included:
  • 120e Escadron de Chasse (Aïn Oussera)
  • 140e Escadron de Chasse (Ouargla)
  • 153e Escadron de Chasse (Bou Sfer)
  • 630e Escadron de Chasse (Bou Sfer)

Following the year 1993, deployment shifted to these squadrons:

• 113e Escadron de Chasse (Tindouf)
• 143e Escadron de Chasse (Ouargla)
• 153e Escadron de Chasse (Béchar)
• 193e Escadron de Chasse (Bou Sfer)

Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan Air Force operated five MiG-21s as of 2023. Approximately twelve units were acquired from Ukraine. It was reported that five aircraft were stationed at Kyurdamir and were planned for withdrawal following the acquisition of MiG-29s, yet they remained active as of December 2021. The MiG-21 was officially phased out between 2023 and 2024.

Bangladesh

Bangladesh Air Force obtained 12 MiG-21MF and 2 MiG-21UM aircraft secondhand from the Soviet Union in 1973.

Bulgaria

File:MiG-21 Bulgarian Air Force.jpg

A Bulgarian MiG-21bis taxis at Graf Ignatievo Air Base, Bulgaria during a bilateral exercise between the U.S. and Bulgarian air forces.

Bulgarian Air Force received a total of 224 MiG-21s from 1963 until 1990. By 2012, six remained operational. In 1963, Bulgaria acquired 12 MiG-21F-13 models; nine of these were later converted to the MiG-21F-13R reconnaissance variant. The final six of this batch were retired in 1988 due to reaching the end of their service life. Twelve MiG-21PF aircraft were delivered in 1965; four were lost in accidents, and the remaining eight were retired by 1991. That same year, Bulgaria received 12 MiG-21PFM units, supplemented by an additional 32 from 1977 to 1978 sourced from Soviet surplus stocks, plus two more in 1986. Additionally, four MiG-21PFS models were acquired from Soviet surplus. Among the combined total of 46 MiG-21PFM and four MiG-21PFS aircraft, seven were lost in accidents and four sold to Nigeria; all were withdrawn by 1992. Six MiG-21R reconnaissance variants arrived in 1969 and remained in service until 1995. Fifteen MiG-21M fighters were delivered in 1970 and retired by 1990. Between 1974 and 1975, twenty MiG-21MF units were received; seven of these were upgraded to the MiG-21MFR reconnaissance standard in 1995 before being fully retired by 2000. Thirty MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75B "Fishbed-N") models arrived in 1983 with an additional six in 1985; thirty-six more MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A "Fishbed-L") came from Soviet Air Force stocks in 1990. Twelve MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75B) remained active within the 1st Squadron of the 3rd Fighter Air Base. A single MiG-21U (izdeliye 66-400) was delivered in 1966, followed by one MiG-21US in 1969 and four additional MiG-21US trainers in 1970. Between 1974 and 1982, twenty-seven MiG-21UM aircraft were supplied. Some of these remained operational after removal of gunsights and weapon pylons, redesignated as MiG-21UM-2.

File:Bulgarian Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis Lofting-4.jpg

Bulgarian MiG-21bis

In 1992, the following units operated various MiG-21 models:

• 2 IAE/15 IAP (Ravnets) – MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A), MiG-21UM
• 3 IAE/15 IAP (Ravnets) – MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A), MiG-21UM
• 1 IAE/19 IAP (Graf Ignatievo) – MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75B)
• 2 IAE/19 IAP (Graf Ignatievo) – MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75B)
• 1 RAE/26 IAP (Dobrich) – MiG-21MFR
• 12 Combat Training Regiment (Kamenets) – MiG-21PFM, MiG-21UM

(Note: IAB = Iztrebitelna Aviatsionna Baza or Fighter Air Base; IAE = Iztrebitelna Avioeskadrila or Fighter Squadron; IAP = Iztrebitelen Aviopolk or Fighter Regiment; RAE = Razuznavatelna Avioeskadrila or Reconnaissance Squadron)

On December 18, 2015, Bulgaria officially retired its last three operational MiG-21s: two single-seat MiG-21bis fighters and one two-seat MiG-21UM1 trainer. The two fighters continued to be available for quick reaction alert missions until December 31 before being placed into storage at Graf Ignatievo Air Base. These aircraft had remained active three years beyond their initially planned retirement date due to issues with the airworthiness of the MiG-29 fleet; however, further overhaul costs were deemed prohibitive and maintenance efforts shifted toward sustaining the MiG-29s. Bulgarian service with the MiG-21 spanned over five decades.

Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso Air Force operated eight 'MiG-21bis' (izd. 75A) alongside two 'MiG-21UM' aircraft delivered in 1984; however, by 1993, none remained operational.

During 1984, MiG-21s were assigned to the following unit:

• Escadrille de Chasse ("Fighter Squadron") based in Ouagadougou – equipped with 8 MiG-21bis and 2 MiG-21UM.

Cambodia

File:Cambodian Air Force MiG-21 Nathalie.jpg

Lineup of 14 Cambodian Air Force MiG-21bis and one MiG-21U

Cambodian Air Force received nineteen used MiG-21bis (izd. 75B) and three MiG-21UM from the USSR in 1982, along with an additional three MiG-21UM units supplied by Bulgaria the same year. Although modernization efforts were planned in Israel, only one MiG-21bis and one MiG-21UM were upgraded to the MiG-21-2000 variant and returned to Cambodia. By 2007, all MiG-21s were reportedly stored and no longer in active service.

China

The People's Liberation Army Air Force received three complete 'MiG-21F-13' aircraft plus 20 assembly kits from the USSR in 1961; all other MiG-21-type aircraft operated by the PLAAF were domestically produced Chengdu J-7 models. Despite only receiving 23 fully assembled aircraft from the Soviet Union, these saw operational deployment within the PLAAF and PLANAF. Notably, on January 3, 1966, a PLANAF pilot named Lu Xiangxiao piloted a MiG-21F-13 that successfully shot down a USAF AQM-34 unmanned aerial vehicle using 57mm rockets.

Croatia

File:Croatian Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21UMD Lofting-1.jpg

Croatian Air Force MiG-21UMD

The Croatian Air Force (HRZ) retired its MiG-21 fleet in July 2024 following the acquisition of Rafale fighters. Eleven MiG-21s remained operational as of 2023. Initially, three MiG-21bis aircraft were obtained after Croatian pilots defected from the Yugoslav Air Force in 1992. These were later augmented by an additional 23 MiG-21bis, one MiG-21US, and three MiG-21UM sourced from former Soviet training units located in Kyrgyzstan between 1993 and 1994. Combat losses accounted for three aircraft. In 2003, eight MiG-21bis were modernized to the MiG-21bis-D configuration by Aerostar in Romania, while four MiG-21UMs acquired via Kyrgyzstan underwent upgrades to the MiG-21UMD standard. In 2013, three Croatian MiG-21bis-Ds and four Mig-21UMDs were dispatched to Odesa, Ukraine for refurbishment. Subsequently, five additional aircraft supplied by Ukraine were upgraded to the Mig-21bis-D standard. As of 2023, eleven MiG-21s remained active. The Croatian Air Force has procured twelve pre-owned Dassault Rafale jets to replace the MiG-21 fleet, with deliveries expected between 2024 and 2025.

In 2003, the following units operated MiG-21s (ZB = Zrakoplovna Baza – Air Base; ELZ – Eskadrila Lovačkih Zrakoplova – Fighter Squadron):

• 91 ZB/21 ELZ (Zagreb–Pleso)

Republic of the Congo

Congolese Air Force: Beginning in 1988, the Congolese Air Force reportedly received 14 'MiG-21bis' (designated izd. 75B) along with two 'MiG-21UM' aircraft; however, all were reportedly out of operational use by 1997.

Czechoslovakia

File:Czechoslovak Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21R Lofting-5.jpg

MiG-21R

Czechoslovak Air Force: After the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, all MiG-21 aircraft were transferred to the newly formed Czech Republic and Slovakia. The first MiG-21 variant operated by the CSAF was the domestically produced Avia S-106 (equivalent to 'MiG-21F-13'), with a total of 194 units manufactured; some were later upgraded to the 'MiG-21FR' configuration. Between 1964 and 1990, 40 'MiG-21PF' models were delivered and subsequently retired. From 1966 to 1969, 'MiG-21PFM' aircraft, including nine equipped for nuclear capability, entered service; these were withdrawn by 1991. The fleet also included 25 'MiG-21R' planes delivered from 1969 to 1972, which were retired between 1992 and 1994. Additionally, 24 'MiG-21M' units were received and eventually modernized to 'MiG-21MA' standards. A total of 102 'MiG-21MF' aircraft were also part of the inventory. Training variants included three 'MiG-21U' izdeliye 66-400 and eight izdeliye 66-600, followed by deliveries of 13 'MiG-21US' and 32 'MiG-21UM'. Notably, an Avia S-106 piloted by J. Foks is credited with intercepting a US Air Force aircraft that violated Czechoslovak airspace in September 1963.

Czech Republic

Czech Air Force: Ten 'MiG-21MF' jets underwent modernization to the 'MiG-21MFN' standard, incorporating NATO-compatible avionics systems; these aircraft were retired in 2005 and replaced by Saab JAS 39 Gripen fighters.

East Germany

File:MiG 21 PFM 1.jpg

MiG-21PFM sporting NVA insignia

East German Air Force (LSK/NVA): Upon German reunification, a total of 251 MiG-21s across seven variants were transferred to the Luftwaffe but were quickly phased out. The LSK/NVA initially acquired 75 'MiG-21F-13' aircraft between 1962 and 1964, followed by deliveries of 52 'MiG-21PF', and a combined total of 83 'MiG-21PFM' without cannons (locally called 'MiG-21SPS') plus 56 with cannons ('MiG-21SPS-K'). The inventory also included 89 'MiG-21M', 68 'MiG-21MF', and both versions of the bis series—14 izdeliye 75A and 32 izdeliye 75B. Trainer variants consisted of fourteen 'MiG-21U' izdeliye 66-400 and thirty-one izdeliye 66-600 models, as well as seventeen 'MiG-21US' and thirty-seven 'MiG-21UM'.

The following units operated MiG-21s:

Egypt

File:MiG-21PFM-Egypt-1982.jpg

Egyptian MiG-21PFM

Egyptian Air Force: By 1967, Egypt had acquired a total of 235 MiG-21 fighters, including models such as the MiG-21F-13, MiG-21PF, and MiG-21PFM, alongside 40 MiG-21U trainers. The majority of these aircraft were destroyed during the Six-Day War, with fewer than ten surviving out of the original 235. In 1970, Egypt received an additional 75 MiG-21PFS, followed by deliveries of 12 MiG-21M, 110 MiG-21MF, 24 MiG-21US, and some MiG-21UM variants; the country also obtained approximately eighty Chinese J-7 fighters. Egypt appears to have phased out its remaining MiG-21s sometime after 2010, with several units reportedly transferred to the Libyan National Army's air force.

Throughout the 1980s, the Egyptian Air Force operated both F-7B and MiG-21 aircraft within two primary Brigades/Wings:

• 102nd Fighter Brigade (initially based at Inshas, relocated to Fayid in 1979)
  • 25th Squadron – F-7B/FT-7 (stationed at Fayid and Hurghada)
  • 26th Squadron – F-7B/FT-7 (Fayid)
  • 35th Squadron – MiG-21MF (Hurghada)
• 104th Fighter Brigade (El Mansoura)
  • 42nd Squadron – F-7B/FT-7 (El Mansoura)
  • 44th Squadron – F-7B/FT-7 (El Mansoura and Mersa Matruh)
  • 46th Squadron – MiG-21MF (Aswan)

Following the October War in 1973, the Egyptian Air Force organized its MiG-21 fleet into three brigades:

• 102nd Fighter Brigade (Inshas)
  • 25th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 26th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 27th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
• 104th Fighter Brigade (El Mansoura)
  • 42nd Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 44th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 46th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
• 111th Fighter Brigade (Beni Sueif)
  • 45th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 47th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM
  • 49th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM

During the October War itself in 1973, Egyptian Air Force units equipped with MiG-21s were arranged as follows:

• 102nd Fighter Brigade (Inshas)
  • 25th Squadron – MiG-21F-13/MiG-21UM (Wadi Qena)
  • 26th Squadron – MiG-21F-13/MiG-21UM (Inshas)
  • 27th Squadron – MiG-21F-13/MiG-21UM (Abu Hammad)
• 104th Fighter Brigade (El Mansoura)
  • 42nd Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM (Luxor)
  • 44th Squadron – MiG-21PFS/MiG-21U (Tanta)
  • 46th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM (El Mansoura)
• 111th Fighter Brigade (Beni Sueif)
  • 45th Squadron – MiG-21PFS/MiG-21U (Katamiya)
  • 47th Squadron – MiG-21PFM/MiG-21U (Beni Sueif)
  • 49th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM (Beni Sueif)
• 123rd Reconnaissance Brigade (Genaclis)
  • 22nd Squadron – MiG-21RF (Genaclis)
• 203rd Fighter Brigade (Bilbeis)
  • 56th Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM (Abu Hammad)
  • 82nd Squadron – MiG-21MF/MiG-21UM (Abu Hammad)

Ethiopia

File:Ethiopian Air Base Gate guardian.jpg

MiG-21 of the Ethiopian Air Force

Ethiopian Air Force: Between 1977 and 1978, Ethiopia received a batch of forty-eight MiG variants consisting of both the MF and UM models; subsequent deliveries during 1982–83 reportedly ranged from fifty to as many as one hundred fifty aircraft. Additionally, thirty MiG-21bis fighters were supplied between the years of 1986 and 1988. As of a 2007 assessment, the Ethiopian Air Force's order of battle included eighteen fighters and six trainer aircraft:

• 3rd Air Regiment (Dire Dawa)
• ? Air Regiment (Debre Zeyit)

By the year 2014, all Ethiopian-operated MiGs had been withdrawn from active service according to Flight International's World Air Forces report for that year.

Finland

File:MiG-21 bis MG-127.JPG

MiG-21bis with serial number MG-127. The lynx emblem on the tail fin represents Fighter Squadron 31

The Finnish Air Force operated several variants of the MiG-21: Fighters included 26 MiG-21bis Fishbed-Ns (in service from 1977 to 1998) and 22 MiG-21F-13 Fishbed-Cs (1963–1986). Trainer models consisted of two MiG-21UM Mongol-Bs (1974–1998), two MiG-21US Mongol-Bs (1981–1997), and two MiG-21UTI Mongol-As (1965–1997). Notably, six MiG-21bis aircraft were modified to the 'MiG-21MGBT' reconnaissance configuration. All these jets were assigned to HävLLv 3. Finland distinguished itself as the first nation outside the Warsaw Pact to procure the MiG-21, having declined the MiG-19 initially. The Soviet Union supplied the latest Fishbed-C models and commenced pilot training with Finnish aviators; however, this collaboration ceased following the onset of the Cuban Missile Crisis when Soviet pilots were placed on alert. Subsequently, Finland opted to continue pilot instruction domestically without Soviet trainers.

Germany

Luftwaffe inherited aircraft from the East German Air Force following reunification. While all aircraft received registration numbers beginning with "2x xx," only those actively flown were assigned full Luftwaffe serials featuring the Iron Cross insignia (formatted as "2x + xx").

Georgia

The Georgian Air Force reportedly acquired two MiG-21UM jets retained by the Tbilaviamsheni factory.

Guinea-Bissau

The Air Force of Guinea-Bissau obtained six 'MiG-21MF' and one 'MiG-21UM' from Soviet surplus stocks during the late 1980s. These aircraft have since been retired from service.

Hungary

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Hungarian Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21bis.

Within the Hungarian Air Force, Hungary became the first Warsaw Pact member to receive the 'MiG-21F-13,' initially acquiring 12 units in 1961, followed by an additional 68; all were phased out by 1980. Between 1964 and 1965, Hungary took delivery of 24 'MiG-21PF' aircraft, retiring the last in December 1988. Unique among Warsaw Pact nations, Hungary did not receive any MiG-21PFM or MiG-21M variants; instead, it proceeded directly to acquiring the 'MiG-21MF' model, with 50 units delivered between 1971 and 1974 and retired in 1996. From 1977 onward, Hungary received a total of 39 'MiG-21bis' izdeliye 75A and 24 izdeliye 75B aircraft, which remained operational until their retirement in 2001. Regarding trainers, deliveries included twelve 'MiG-21U' izdeliye 66-400, six izdeliye 66-600, and twenty-seven 'MiG-21UM,' all withdrawn by 2001.

Alternative sources provide variant counts as follows: 116 F-13, 15 PF, 50 MF, 52 Bis, between sixteen and eighteen U, twenty-four UM, and twenty US.

Following the Yom Kippur War, in late 1973 Hungary donated twelve PF aircraft free of charge to Syria from its Kecskemét Air Base inventory. Throughout Hungarian service, a total of seventy-two MiG-21s were lost, resulting in thirty-two pilot fatalities; most accidents were attributed to catastrophic engine failures.

By 1991, Hungarian MiG-21s were distributed among these units (HRE = Harcászati Repülő Ezred – Combat Air Regiment; VSz = Vadászrepülő Század – Fighter Squadron):

• 31. HRE "Kapos" (Taszár Air Base)
  • 1. VSz "Boszorkány" ("Witch") – equipped with ten MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM
  • 2. VSz "Turul" – equipped with ten MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM
• 47. HRE "Pápa" (Pápa)
  • 2. VSz "Griff" ("Griffon") – outfitted with ten MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM
• 59. HRE "Szentgyörgyi Dezső" (Kecskemét)
  • 1. VSz "Puma" – operated ten MiG-21MF and two MiG-21UM
  • 2. VSz "Dongó" ("Wasp") – fielded ten MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM

By the year 2000, unit allocations included:

• 47. HRE (Pápa Air Base)
  • 1. VSz "Sámán" ("Shaman") – twelve MiG-21bis serving as fighters
  • 2. VSz "Griff" – ten MiG-21UM utilized for ground attack missions

India

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An Indian Air Force MiG-21 Type 77 during landing.

The Indian Air Force first acquired MiG-21 aircraft in 1963, starting with eight MiG-21F-13 models. In 1964, an additional two F-13s and two MiG-21PFs were added, designated as Type 74 and Type 76 respectively within the IAF. The MiG-21FL, known as Type 77, was specifically developed by Mikoyan to meet Indian specifications and marked the initial MiG-21 variant to be produced under license by HAL in India. The initial batch of 54 units were assembled and test-flown in the Soviet Union before being disassembled and shipped to India for reassembly. The first entirely domestically manufactured MiG-21FL was delivered to the IAF in October 1970. Overall, India produced 205 MiG-21FLs, with 196 fully built within the country; these aircraft were retired from service in 2013. In 1971, India received 65 MiG-21M fighters, and from 1973 to 1981, HAL manufactured 158 units of an enhanced model unique to India, the MiG-21MF (Type 96). It is important to note that this Indian-built MiG-21MF (Type 96) differs from the Soviet-manufactured export version of the same designation.

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IAF MiG-21 Bison

In 1977, kits for assembling 75 MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A) were supplied, followed by the complete manufacture of an additional 220 units in India by 1984. A contract signed in 1996 aimed to upgrade 125 MiG-21bis aircraft (with an option for another 50) through a service life extension program designed to prolong their operational period until 2017. The first two upgraded jets were refurbished by Sokol in Russia, while the remainder were upgraded domestically by HAL; by January 2006, a total of 94 aircraft had been modernized. This upgraded model was initially named MiG-21UPG and later rebranded as the MiG-21 Bison. Regarding training variants, the IAF acquired 45 MiG-21U trainers (Types 66/66A), including five procured from Ukraine in 1997. Additionally, seventy MiG-21UM trainers (Types 69/69A/69B) were integrated into service, some sourced from Eastern European countries during the 1990s.

The following squadrons have operated the MiG-21 Bison:

• No.3 Squadron IAF "Cobras"
• No. 4 Squadron IAF "Oorials"
• No. 15 Squadron IAF "Flying Lances"
• No.21 Squadron IAF "Ankush"
• No.23 Squadron IAF "Cheetahs"
• No.24 Squadron IAF "Hunting Hawks"
• No.26 Squadron IAF "Warriors"
• No.32 Squadron IAF "Thunderbirds"
• No. 35 Squadron IAF "Rapiers"
• No.37 Squadron IAF "Black Panthers"
• No.45 Squadron IAF "Flying Daggers"
• No. 51 Squadron IAF "Sword Arms".

In sum, the Indian Air Force inducted a total of 874 MiG-21 aircraft across multiple variants including T-66, T-77, T-69, T-96, T-75, and the modernized Bison model. The final retirement ceremony took place on September 26, 2025, concluding more than sixty years of operational history with this iconic fighter in Indian service.

Indonesia

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Indonesian Air Force MiG-21 displayed at the Yogyakarta Air Force Museum

The Indonesian Air Force acquired twenty 'MiG-21F-13' and two 'MiG-21U' izdeliye 66-400 models in 1962. These aircraft were actively utilized during the buildup to Operation Trikora in 1962, aimed at Western New Guinea (currently Papua and Papua Barat). However, by 1969, the fleet was mostly grounded owing to worsening diplomatic relations and a Soviet embargo on spare parts, leading to their retirement from active service in 1970. At least thirteen F-13s and one U model were subsequently transferred to the United States for testing purposes. The former Indonesian MiG-21F-13s were employed by the 4477th Test and Evaluation Squadron under the designation YF-110B.

Iran

The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force procured a total of 2 MiG-21PFM, 37 MiG-21F variants (23 similar to the Chinese J-7 model), along with approximately 18 additional aircraft and 5 MiG-21U trainers (comparable to the Chinese FT-7 version, including four purchased units).Template:Fix/category

Iraq

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Abandoned Iraqi Chengdu F-7M, a Chinese-built MiG-21 derivative, located at Al Asad Airbase.

The Iraqi Air Force initially received sixteen MiG-21F-13 aircraft in 1962; among these was the notable "007" plane that defected to Israel and was later transferred to the United States. In 1965, an order for nineteen additional units was placed. Between late 1966 and subsequent years, deliveries included twenty-two more MiG-21F-13s and twenty-three MiG-21FLs. The first batch of eight MiG-21PFMs arrived in 1967, with further deliveries of this type following in 1969 and 1970. In 1969, Iraq placed an order for ninety-eight MiG-21MFs and twelve MiG-21UM trainers. Due to strong global demand for these models, deliveries of the MiG-21MF extended through 1974–1975. Four MiG-21R reconnaissance variants were added in 1976. As part of Iraq's largest arms acquisition from the Soviet Union, fifty-four MiG-21bis aircraft were ordered in 1978, with deliveries occurring between late 1979 and August 1980. From 1983 onward, a total of sixty-one 'MiG-21bis' (izdeliye 75A) were supplied; some were located in Dresden, Germany for refurbishment by 1990, while four others were found at Batajnica, Yugoslavia. Plans by the East German Air Force and later the Luftwaffe to sell surplus trainer variants to Iraq were abandoned following Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. Between 1968 and 1985, at least ten 'MiG-21U', eight 'MiG-21US', and eleven 'MiG-21UM' trainers were delivered. During Operation "Desert Storm" in 1991, thirty-five MiG-21s fled to Iran. None of those remaining in Iraq are currently operational; most have likely been destroyed or dismantled.

Israel

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MiG-21F-13 exhibited at the Israeli Air Force Museum, Hatzerim Airbase, Israel.

The Israeli Air Force has acquired several MiG-21 variants captured during conflicts with neighboring states. The most notable is the "007" MiG-21F-13, flown by Iraqi pilot Munir Redfa who defected to Israel in 1966. After thorough analysis, this aircraft was transferred to the United States. A second MiG-21F-13 was later assigned the same "007" designation and is currently displayed at the IDF/AF museum at Hatzerim Airbase, painted in Israeli camouflage and bearing Israeli insignia. Since the 1990s, Israel has also implemented multiple modernization programs for its MiG-21 fleet.

Kyrgyzstan

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Military aircraft displayed in central Bishkek, with a sign reading "National Guard"

The Air Force of Kyrgyzstan possesses a significant number of MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM models stored near Bishkek. However, the Kyrgyz Air Force has expressed no intention to operate these jets and has made them available for sale.

Laos

The Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force received thirteen MiG-21PFM and two MiG-21U aircraft in 1975, followed by ten MiG-21MFs in 1985; none remain operational today. Reports indicate delivery of approximately 20 MiG-21bis (izdeliye 75A) in 1983, but no current evidence suggests these are still in service, implying their retirement. Additionally, a second batch of trainer aircraft, likely MiG-21UMs, was also supplied.

Madagascar

The Tafika Anabakabaka is believed to have received MiG-21s prior to the confirmed transfer of at least ten MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UMs from the Soviet Union. By 2001, all these aircraft had been placed into storage.

Mongolia

The Mongolian People's Air Force acquired 44 MiG-21s between 1977 and 1984. Between eight and twelve MiG-21PFMs along with two MiG-21UM trainers have reportedly been carefully stored at Nalaikh Air Base due to financial constraints and spare parts shortages. There have been no reports indicating their return to active service.

Nigeria

The Nigerian Air Force received 24 MiG-21MFs and six MiG-21UMs in 1975, with an additional MiG-21MF later delivered as a replacement for losses. At least four aircraft were lost due to accidents, and one is preserved as a gate guard at Makurdi Airport. In October 1984, Nigeria signed a contract for twelve MiG-21bis and two MiG-21UM trainers. During the 1990s, most Nigerian MiGs were placed into storage because of spare parts shortages and financial limitations. Although there were proposals in the early 2000s to refurbish some remaining jets for reactivation, Nigeria ultimately opted to procure twelve new Chengdu F-7NI fighters along with three FT-7NI trainers instead.

Poland

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Two-seat MiG-21UM featuring markings of the 3rd Tactical Squadron, Polish Air Force

The Polish Air Force first acquired the 'MiG-21F-13' in June 1961, followed by an additional 24 units delivered between 1962 and 1963. These aircraft were retired by 1971, with twelve sold to Syria in 1973. Beginning in 1964, Poland received 84 'MiG-21PF' models, which remained in service until their final retirement in December 1989. A total of 132 'MiG-21PFM' variants were supplied; among these, twelve were nuclear-capable izdeliye 94N models, designated as 'MiG-21PFMN' by the Polish Air Force, while the remaining izdeliye 94A versions were labeled 'MiG-21PFMA'. All PFM variants were phased out by the mid-1990s, with the nuclear-capable PFMNs withdrawn in 1989 and their nuclear functionality removed.

Between 1968 and 1972, Poland received a total of 36 'MiG-21R' reconnaissance aircraft, which were retired by 2002. The 'MiG-21M' was introduced in 1969–70 with 36 units delivered; all were withdrawn by 2002. Starting in 1972, Poland acquired 120 'MiG-21MF' fighters, with the last ones leaving service in 2003. Additionally, 72 'MiG-21bis' (izdeliye 75A) were supplied, retiring on December 31, 2003.

Regarding trainers, six 'MiG-21U' (izdeliye 66-400) arrived in 1965; three were lost to accidents while the remaining three were retired by 1990. Five more 'MiG-21U' (izdeliye 66-600) were delivered in 1966 and also retired by 1990. Between 1969 and 1970, twelve 'MiG-21US' trainers arrived, with their retirement occurring on December 31, 2003. From 1971 to 1981, Poland received a total of 54 'MiG-21UM' aircraft; all were decommissioned at the end of 2003. Notably, on July 15, 1970, a Polish MiG-21 piloted by Henryk Osierda mistakenly shot down a Su-7BKL belonging to the Czechoslovak air force.

Romania

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MiG-21 LanceR 'C' from the RoAF 71st Air Base

The Romanian Air Force took delivery of the first batch of twelve MiG-21F-13 fighters on February 13, 1962. The remaining twelve units arrived during 1962–63; these aircraft were withdrawn from operational use in 1976 but officially removed from inventory only in 1993. Deliveries of the MiG-21PF variant began in 1965 with a total of thirty-eight aircraft received; these were referred to as MiG-21RFM ('Radar Fortaj Modernizat') within Romanian service. By the early 1990s, surviving PFMs had been grounded and placed into storage by 1999.

The initial MiG-21PFM models entered service in 1966; twenty-nine standard izdeliye 94A units and twenty-three nuclear-capable izdeliye 94N variants were provided. Both types carried the designation MiG-21RFMM domestically. These aircraft remained active until retirement in 2002 when they were succeeded by MiG-21 Lancer As.

In addition, eleven MiG-21R reconnaissance planes—locally called MiG-21C ('Cercetare')—were introduced in 1968 and served until their withdrawal in 1998. From 1969 onwards, Romania received sixty MiG-21M fighters and seventy-one MiG-21MFs starting from 1972. The MiG-21M formed the foundation for the upgraded MiG-21 Lancer A model, while MiG-21MFs were modernized into MiG-21 Lancer Cs. Overall production included seventy-three Lancer A and twenty-six Lancer C aircraft; these remained operational until May 2023.

All two-seat trainer versions operated by Romania bore the designation MiG-21DC ('Dublă Comandă'). The first four trainers were MiG-21U (izdeliye 66-400) introduced in 1965, followed by three units of izdeliye66-600 type. Between 1969 and later years, fourteen MiG-21US trainers arrived alongside thirty-one MiG-21UMs delivered from 1972 to1980; fourteen of these UM trainers underwent upgrades to meet the MiG-21 Lancer B standard.

During the Romanian Revolution, Romanian MiGs played an active role primarily responding to radar "shadows" likely caused by Soviet electronic warfare operations. The only documented air-to-air engagement involved a Romanian Air Force MiG-21MF shooting down an IAR 330 helicopter belonging to the Romanian Army.

Romania initiated the gradual replacement of its MiG-21 fleet beginning in December2016 with F-16 Fighting Falcon jets entering service. Some LanceRs continued flying until2023 but were limited to air policing and training missions following accidents that temporarily halted operations. Ultimately, all remaining MiG-21 aircraft were officially retired from Romanian service as of May2023.

Serbia

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Serbian Air Force MiG-21

The Serbian Air Force inherited its fleet from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 2006, which included 31 MiG-21 aircraft comprising MiG-21bis, MiG-21UM, and MiG-21M models adapted for reconnaissance pod deployment. By July 2016, only three MiG-21UMs remained operational, equipped with air-to-air missile capabilities. Since September 2015, all MiG-21bis units have been grounded. The MiG-21 was officially retired in 2020 after the crash of the last airworthy aircraft on 25 September 2020.

Slovakia

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Retired Slovak Air Force MiG-21MF in 1994.

Following the division of Czechoslovakia into Czechia and Slovakia, the Slovak Air Force inherited part of the former Czechoslovak Air Force's inventory. Slovakia was allocated a variety of MiG-21 variants including 21 MiG-21F-13s (which were actually Czechoslovak-produced S-106s), three MiG-21PFs, eleven MiG-21PFMs, eight MiG-21Rs, thirteen MiG-21MAs, thirty-six MiG-21MFs, three MiG-21U izdeliye 66-600s, two MiG-21US, and eleven MiG-21UMs. The remaining operational MiG-21MF and UM aircraft were grounded as of January 1, 2003.

Soviet Union

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MiG-21SMT of the former Soviet Air Force.

The Soviet Air Force and Soviet Anti-Air Defence operated extensive fleets of the MiG-21. Upon dissolution of the Soviet Union, these aircraft were transferred to successor states.

Somalia

The Somali Aeronautical Corps received a total of 33 MiG-21MF fighters alongside three MiG-21US trainer aircraft beginning in 1974. Many of these planes were either destroyed or damaged and subsequently abandoned during the Ogaden War and ensuing civil conflicts. Following the Ogaden conflict, nine MiG-21s remained operational within the Somali Air Force; however, no flight operations occurred after 1981. Presently, eight wrecked MiG-21 airframes are still visible at Mogadishu airport.

Tanzania

The Tanzanian Air Force received fourteen MiG-21MFs along with two MiG-21UMs from the Soviet Union in 1974. These aircraft were actively involved in the conflict against Uganda during 1978–1979. Towards the conclusion of this war, a single MiG-21MF captured from Ugandan forces was incorporated into Tanzanian service.

United States

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MiG-21 operated by the USAF.

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MiG-21 under USAF control

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MiG-21 utilized by USAF Fighter Weapons School

During the 1960s, the United States Air Force obtained approximately a dozen MiG-21s from various origins. Among these were four of six MiG-21F-13s from Algeria that mistakenly landed at an Israeli-controlled airbase in Egypt during the Six-Day War. Additionally, the renowned "007" MiG-21F-13, which was defected by an Iraqi pilot to Israel, was transferred to American hands. In the early 1970s, at least thirteen MiG-21F-13s were also sent to the US from Indonesia by President Suharto. While many of these aircraft were never flown in American airspace, they were disassembled for thorough technical evaluation.

At least one MiG-21F-13 was actively flown by the USAF in the 1960s, bearing the serial number 68-0965. This aircraft underwent extensive flight testing under a program codenamed HAVE DOUGHNUT, conducted between January 23 and April 8, 1968. Some sources identify this jet as the "007" model handed over by Israel. The testing involved comparisons with other aircraft such as the F-8 Crusader, F-4B Phantom, and B-52. The final assessment highlighted that despite limitations in range and payload, the MiG-21F-13 exhibited exceptional maneuverability along with impressive climb rate and acceleration, making it an effective interceptor. Particular commendation was given to its "smokeless" engine design. Subsequent variants were likely evaluated post-1969, supported by incidents like the crash of a MiG-23M at Nellis Range on April 26, 1984, which resulted in the death of Lt Gen Robert M. Bond. This event lends credibility to reports about an entity known as the "Red Hat Squadron".

Ukraine

Following the dissolution of the USSR, none of the remaining MiG-21s within Ukraine were formally adopted by the Ukrainian Air Force. However, Ukraine had refurbished some of these aircraft and offered them for sale as of 2008.

Vietnam

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MiG-21F painted in Vietnam People's Air Force colors displayed at the National Museum of the United States Air Force.

The Vietnam People's Air Force (VPAF) began receiving its initial batch of 20 to 30 'MiG-21F-13' fighters in 1965. In 1966, a delivery of 30 'MiG-21PFLs', a variant specifically tailored for Vietnam, was made (some sources label this model as 'MiG-21PFV' with the "V" denoting Vietnam; however, this designation is disputed by the MiG design bureau). Starting from 1968, approximately 100 to 110 units of the 'MiG-21PFM' were supplied. Around 1970, the VPAF acquired sixty 'MiG-21MF' aircraft. Beginning in 1979, several shipments of 'MiG-21bis' izdeliye 75B were delivered, and in 2005, 18 second-hand izdeliye 75A, including some 'MiG-21UM' trainers, were received from Poland. In 1998, Vietnam expressed interest in procuring 120 used Polish MiG-21 models comprising MiG-21M, MiG-21MF, MiG-21UM, and MiG-21US variants; however, it remains unclear whether this acquisition was finalized. An unspecified quantity of various MiG-21 trainer versions was also delivered over time, with 'MiG-21UMs constituting the majority. In 1996, six additional UMs arrived from Ukraine.

As of 2007, the organizational structure of units operating MiG-21s included:

• 370th Air Division
  • 929th Fighter Regiment (Da Nang)
  • 935th Fighter Regiment (Biên Hòa)
• 371st Air Division
  • 921st Fighter Regiment (Noi Bai)
  • 927th Fighter Regiment (Kép)
  • 931st Fighter Regiment (Yên Bái)
• 372nd Air Division
  • 933rd Fighter Regiment (Kiến An)
• Air Academy
  • 920th Fighter Regiment (Phù Cát)
  • 932nd Fighter Regiment (Phù Cát)

North Yemen

Yemen Arab Republic Air Force. In November 1979, then-president Ali Abdullah Saleh secured an arms agreement with the Soviet Union that included a supply of 60 MiG-21bis and MiG-21UM aircraft. Following the unification of North and South Yemen in 1990, all remaining MiG-21 fighters were incorporated into the newly formed Yemen Air Force.

South Yemen

People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Air Force. Between 1973 and 1974, South Yemen received over forty MiG-21MF fighters. During the 1980s, the South Yemeni Air Force also introduced some MiG-21bis aircraft into its fleet. Additionally, several MiG-21UM trainers were delivered. Upon Yemen’s reunification in 1990, all surviving MiG-21s from South Yemen were absorbed into the consolidated Yemen Air Force.

SFR Yugoslavia

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Yugoslav Air Force MiG-21F-13 with serial number 22532 exhibited at the Museum of Aviation, Belgrade in Belgrade.

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia operated a fleet of up to 261 MiG-21 aircraft spanning ten different variants from 1962 until 1992. The inventory comprised: 41 MiG-21F-13s, 36 MiG-21PFMs, 25 MiG-21Ms, six MiG-21MFs, 46 MiG-21bis models, 45 MiG-21bisK units, twelve MiG-21Rs, eighteen MiG-21Us, twenty-five MiG-21UMs and seven MiG-21USs. During the conflicts in western Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, these aircraft were transferred to the newly formed air force of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

The Yugoslav inventory eventually included: forty-one MiG-21F-13s, thirty-six PFM variants, twelve MiG-21Rs, twenty-five M models, two MF types alongside imported MFs; four L-15i; ninety-one bis versions; nine U-400 trainers; nine U-600 trainers; seven US trainers; and twenty-five UM trainers.[1]

During the initial phase of the Yugoslav wars between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (1991–1992), Yugoslav MiGs were primarily deployed for ground attack roles. There are documented cases where these fighters compelled Croatian police helicopters or civilian aircraft to land. Furthermore, several aerial victories have been attributed to Yugoslav Air Force MiGs. Notably, on January 7, 1992, a European Community AB-205 helicopter was shot down by a MiG-21bis belonging to the 124th Fighter Aviation Squadron.

The following squadrons operated MiG-21 aircraft within the Yugoslav Air Force:

• 123rd Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 124th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 125th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 126th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 127th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 128th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 129th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 130th Fighter Aviation Squadron
• 352nd Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron
• 353rd Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Air Force of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia received its MiG-21 fleet from the former Socialist Yugoslav Air Force. Several aircraft sustained damage during the 1999 NATO campaign against Yugoslavia; those that remained operational were transferred to Serbia. Records of MiG-21 sorties during the NATO air strikes are scarce, although one MiG-21 is credited with shooting down a BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missile on March 24, 1999. Additionally, Serbian and other sources assert that Yugoslav MiG-21s destroyed three Albanian J-7 fighters, but these claims are generally regarded as unsubstantiated since only ten J-7s were in service at that time and none were operational.

• 204th Fighter Aviation Regiment
  • 126th Fighter Aviation Regiment
  • 352nd Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron
• 83rd Fighter Aviation Regiment
  • 123rd Fighter Aviation Regiment
  • 124th Fighter Aviation Regiment
  • 130th Fighter Aviation Regiment

Zambia

The Zambian Air Force & Air Defence Command acquired a minimum of sixteen MiG-21bis fighters along with two MiG-21UM trainers beginning in 1980. In 1997, twelve or thirteen units were dispatched to Israel for refurbishment by Israel Aerospace Industries. Due to financial constraints, at least three aircraft were never returned to Zambia. The ZAFADC retired its entire MiG-21 fleet in early 2009.

Civilian Operators

A number of these aircraft are currently owned and operated by private enthusiasts as warbirds. In the United States, there are dealers who import MiG-21s, as well as MiG-15s and MiG-17s from Russia and other countries, selling them to civilian buyers for approximately $450,000.