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Ukrainian Defense Industry

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Adapted from the English Wikipedia article Ukrainian Defense Industry, available under CC BY-SA 4.0Updated 29 November 202525 sources
Ukroboronprom
Company typeState-owned enterprise
IndustryDefense, arms manufacturing
PredecessorArmoured Equipment of Ukraine, Technological Military Service
Founded2010
Headquarters
Kyiv
,
Ukraine
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Herman Smetanin (General Director, since June 2023)
ProductsWeapons, military and specialized equipment, ammunition
Number of employees
120,000 (2014)

Ukrainian Defense Industry

Ukrainian Defense Industry, commonly referred to as Ukroboronprom,, stands as Ukraine's foremost arms manufacturing enterprise and ranks among the top 50 global defense corporations. Since the onset of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the organization has largely suspended its domestic operations and shifted a significant portion of its production capabilities overseas during the ongoing conflict.

The conglomerate encompasses a network of companies engaged in the design, production, sale, maintenance, upgrading, and decommissioning of weaponry, military and specialized equipment, as well as ammunition. It also actively participates in military-technical collaborations with international partners.

As of 2025, the process of corporatization within the group remains underway.

History

Ukroboronprom was established in 2010 through decrees issued by the President and relevant ministries.

By September 2013, the organization structured itself into five main sectors: aircraft manufacturing and maintenance; precision armaments and ammunition; armored vehicles, automotive machinery, engineering, and specialized equipment; shipbuilding along with maritime infrastructure; and radar, radio communication systems, and air defense technologies.

In 2016, Ukroboronprom entered into a cooperation memorandum with Anthony Tetter, former head of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). He took on an advisory role to guide the long-term strategic development of the corporation.

Ukroboronprom was a pioneer among large Ukrainian industrial entities in implementing an e-procurement system, which officially launched in October 2014. The corporation reported savings of US$304.8 million in 2015 and ₴476.6 million in 2016 due to this initiative.

The enterprise enhanced its output and began supplying Ukraine's Armed Forces with upgraded weaponry. In 2017, Ukroboronprom fulfilled the State Defence Order by delivering 3,673 units of weapons and equipment to national security agencies, including 2,053 newly produced or modernized items.

Between 2014 and 2017, Ukroboronprom improved its standing in the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) global ranking of arms manufacturers, moving up 14 places from 91st to 77th.

Together with the American firm Delphi Corporation, Ukroboronprom launched a joint venture named "Electric Systems," which became an authorized supplier of components for Mercedes products.

Roman Romanov resigned from his position as head of Ukroboronprom on 12 February 2018. Subsequently, on 21 February 2018, Pavlo Bukin was appointed Director General by the President of Ukraine. Aivaras Abromavičius succeeded Bukin on 31 August 2019, followed by Ihor Fomenko taking over on 6 October 2020. Yuriy Husev assumed the role of General Director in December 2020.

Russian invasion

Throughout the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukroboronprom Concern undertook repairs and maintenance on both Ukrainian military vehicles and those captured from Russian forces. It offered incentives to Russian pilots, promising US$1,000,000 for each operational combat aircraft surrendered and $500,000 for every functional combat helicopter turned over.

On 6 March 2022, the Zhytomyr Armour Plant, part of Ukroboronprom Concern, was destroyed in an attack that resulted in three fatalities. Subsequently, on 15 April, the Vizar Plant—another Ukroboronprom facility responsible for producing R-360 Neptune cruise missiles for Ukraine’s armed forces—was targeted by multiple long-range sea-launched missiles. This strike was widely interpreted as retaliation following the sinking of the Russian warship Moskva by two Neptune missiles.

On 20 September, it was revealed that Ukroboronprom Concern, in collaboration with an undisclosed NATO member state, planned to establish a factory dedicated to manufacturing ammunition compliant with NATO standards.

Following the October 2022 missile attacks on Ukrainian infrastructure, on 17 October Ukroboronprom Concern and the Come Back Alive Foundation separately announced efforts to develop a weapon capable of detonating explosions within Moscow. This weapon was reported to have a range reaching up to 1000 kilometres and carried a warhead weighing 75 kilograms. Later disclosures identified this weapon as an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is believed to have conducted multiple strikes against Russian military targets in regions such as Saratov, Ryazan, and Kursk.

By 15 March 2023, Ukroboronprom, supported by a "NATO country," commenced production of 125 mm smoothbore ammunition for Soviet-era Ukrainian tanks outside national borders. This initiative complemented ongoing manufacturing of 120 mm mortar rounds along with 122 mm and 152 mm artillery shells. The move formed part of a broader strategy addressing ammunition shortages faced by Western donors. During the conflict, ten personnel have lost their lives, and production facilities have been dispersed strategically to mitigate risks of destruction. A company spokesperson highlighted that this shell marked the initial output from joint cooperation with a NATO alliance member and indicated forthcoming products developed with partner nations.

On 21 March 2023, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine officially renamed Ukroboronprom to "Ukrainska oboronna promyslovist" (Ukrainian Defense Industry).

Subsequently, on 6 April, Ukroboronprom declared an agreement with Polish state defense enterprise Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa to produce 125mm tank rounds. This partnership positioned Poland as the second NATO ally assisting Ukraine in manufacturing Soviet-era ammunition, following an unnamed Central European NATO country.

On 21 June, Ukroboronprom announced having developed a drone capable of flying up to 1000 kilometres. While it was unclear whether this UAV had been deployed operationally or merely tested, earlier statements from autumn 2022 confirmed plans for a weapon equipped with a 75-kilogram warhead.

According to European Pravda, Herman Smetanin was appointed to lead "Ukroboronprom" starting from 28 June 2023.

General background

The conglomerate was formed in 2010, succeeding the former entities "Armoured Equipment of Ukraine" (established in 1999) and the "Technological Military Service".

By 2014, the group comprised 134 enterprises within Ukraine's military–industrial sector and employed approximately 120,000 individuals. In 2012, a reorganization plan was set for eighteen of these companies under Resolution #223 dated March 21, 2012. Among these were:

  • Kharkiv Morozov Machine-Building Design Bureau
  • Kharkiv Engine Building Design Bureau
  • Ship Building Research Project Center
  • Shostka State Factory "Zirka" (Star)
  • Science Producing Complex "Iskra" (Spark)
  • Chemical State Association of Petrovsky
  • and several others

The organization identifies China and India as longstanding markets for its military products. In addition, in 2013, the Brazilian Navy expressed interest in collaborating with the conglomerate.

Following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in March 2014, the conglomerate imposed a complete ban on exporting arms and military equipment to Russia.

Structure

The State Concern encompasses 134 enterprises within Ukraine's military-industrial sector, including 123 state-owned companies and 9 joint-stock corporations, with profit participation rights managed by "Ukroboronprom."

Armored Vehicles, Artillery, Automotive, and Specialized Engineering Equipment

Kremenchuk Automobile Plant

Shipbuilding

Shipbuilding Factory of 61 Communards
  • Research and Production Association "Kyivskyi Zavod Avtomatyky" (Kyiv Automation Factory) located in Kyiv (Kyiv)
  • State Research and Design Shipbuilding Center based in Mykolaiv (Mykolaiv)
  • Mykolayiv Shipyard (Mykolaiv)
  • Pallada Factory in Kherson (Kherson)
  • Ship Engineering Factory "Sudmash" in Kherson (Kherson)
  • Central Design Bureau "Izumrud" (Emerald) located in Kherson (Kherson)
  • Research Institute of Radiolocation Systems "Kvant-Radiolokatsiya" (Quantum-Radiolocation) based in Kyiv (Kyiv)
  • Kyiv State Factory "Burevisnyk" (Storm-petrel) located in Kyiv (Kyiv)
  • Ukrainian State Research Institute of Structural Materials "Prometei" situated in Mariupol (Mariupol)
  • Research Design Bureau "Promin" (Ray) based in Donetsk (Donetsk)
  • Fiolent Factory (Felenk, Tiger) located in Simferopol (Simferopol)
  • Feodosiya Shipyards "More" (Sea) situated in Feodosiya (Feodosiya)
  • Skloplastyk (Plexiglass) based in Feodosiya (Feodosiya)
  • Special Technical Production Site "Polumia" (Flame) located in Sevastopol (Sevastopol)
  • Design-Technology Bureau "Sudokompozyt" (Ship-composite) operating from Feodosiya (Feodosiya)
  • Central Design Bureau "Chonomorets" (Black Sea Sailor) based in Sevastopol (Sevastopol)
  • Feodosiya Ship Mechanical Plant (Feodosiya)
  • Navigation Company "Oryzon-Navihatsiya" (Horizon-Navigation) located in Smila (Smila)
  • Gas-turbine Engineering Research and Production Complex "Zoria-Mashproekt" (Dawn Engineering Project) based in Mykolaiv (Mykolaiv)

Radiolocation, RF Signal, and Air Defence Systems

  • "Rubin" (Ruby) (Uman)
  • Radio-electronics Research Institute (Kharkiv)
  • Central Design Bureau "Proton" (Kharkiv)
  • Zmiiv Power Engineering Repair Plant (Zmiiv)
  • Balakliya Repair Facility (Balakliya)
  • 2nd Signal Device Repair Plant (Berezhany)
  • Ternopil Science and Technology Company "Promin" (Ray) (Ternopil)
  • Research Institute "Shtorm" (Storm) (Odesa)
  • Special Design Bureau "Molniya" (Lightning) (Odesa)
  • Technical Production Company "Hranit" (Granite) (Odesa)
  • Southern Technical Production Company (Mykolaiv)
  • Ukrainian Radio-frequency Engineering Institute (Mykolaiv)
  • Lviv Radio-frequency Engineering Research Institute (Lviv)
  • Lviv Radio-frequency Repair Plant (Lviv)
  • Kvant Factory (Quantum) (Kyiv)
  • "Meridian" of Korolyov (Kyiv)
  • Kyiv Factory "Radar" (Kyiv)
  • Research Institute "Buran" (Kyiv)
  • Henerator Factory (Generator) (Kyiv)
  • Special Design Bureau "Spektr" (Kyiv)
  • Research Institute "Kvant" (Quantum) (Kyiv)
  • Science and Technology Complex "Impuls" (Impulse) (Kyiv)
  • Research and Production Complex "Iskra" (Spark) (Kyiv)
  • Zaporizhzhia Company "Radioprylad" (Radio-frequency Device) (Zaporizhzhia)
  • Zhytomyr Radio-frequency Equipment Repair Plant "Promin" (Ray) (Zhytomyr)
  • Complex Automation Research Institute (Donetsk)
  • RF Signal Design Bureau (Sevastopol)
  • Lviv State Factory "Lorta" (Lviv)
  • Production Union "Karpaty" (Carpathians) (Ivano-Frankivsk)

Aircraft

Precision weaponry and munitions

  • Shostka Treasury Plant "Zirka" (Shostka)
  • Shostka Treasury Plant "Impuls" (Shostka)
  • Chemical Products Research Institute (Shostka)
  • Zhulyany Engineering Plant "Vizar" (Vyshneve)
  • Donetsk Chemical Products Plant (Donetsk)
  • "Artyleriyske Ozbroyennia" Design Bureau (Kyiv)
  • State Kyiv Design Bureau "Luch" (Kyiv)
  • Science and Production Complex "Prohres" (Nizhyn)

Contracts and commerce

Additional entities

Chief Executives

University collaboration

"Ukroboronprom" maintains partnerships with the Central Scientific Research Institute of Armaments and Military Equipment of Armed Forces of Ukraine and several prominent Ukrainian higher education institutions, including Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Kharkiv Polytechnic, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, ME Zhukovsky KAU, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics, and I. Kozhedub Kharkiv Air Force University.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

Innovative projects developed by Ukrainian students are actively realized. For example, researchers at Kyiv Polytechnic Institute have designed an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Additionally, students from various universities participate in internships at leading Ukroboronprom enterprises.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

Starting in 2016, "Ukroboronprom" established collaborations with top national business schools such as the International Management Institute and Kyiv-Mohyla Business School. This initiative aims to enhance the skills of senior executives as well as mid-level plant and industrial managers through specialized training programs.[8]

At the close of 2017, a joint master's degree program titled "Management in the Field of Defence and Industrial Complex" was launched by "Ukroboronprom" and Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute.[9]

In the same year, several MBA courses tailored for "Ukroboronprom" personnel were completed, including partnerships with the US-based Thunderbird School of Global Management and Kyiv’s International Management Institute.[10]

Recent innovations

In mid-2016, "Ukroboronprom" unveiled the multipurpose unmanned aerial system "Gorlytsa" alongside the tactical multipurpose unmanned vehicle "Phantom".[11]

On September 28, 2016, during the international arms exhibition "ADEX-2016" in Azerbaijan, the State Concern presented the new combat module named "Taipan", which adheres to top-tier Western standards.[12]Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

Throughout 2016, "Ukroboronprom" also developed and introduced several advanced systems such as the digital fire control system "Myslyvets", combat modules dubbed "Duplet" and "Kastet", a 60 mm mortar KBA.118, as well as the transport aircraft An-132.[13]

Early in 2017, an agreement was reached between "Ukroboronprom" and US company "Aeroscraft" for joint production of an automatic M16 rifle variant (model WAC47) compliant with NATO requirements.[14] However, as of October 1, 2019, no units of this model had been manufactured, reflecting concerns raised by multiple experts regarding its technical suitability.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

In March 2017, the latest multipurpose transport aircraft An-132 completed its maiden flight successfully.[15] Subsequently, "Ukroboronprom" formed partnerships with Saudi Arabia's TAQNIA and Turkey's Havelsan to develop a maritime patrol variant of this aircraft.[16]

At the 13th International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) in Istanbul in 2017, "Ukroboronprom" introduced a novel portable grenade launcher.[17]

Two collaborative Ukrainian–Polish projects were also developed and showcased: the main battle tank PT-17 and the multiple launch rocket system ZRN-01 Stokrotka.[18]

In November 2017, Ukraine’s first combat drone named "Gorlytsia" completed its inaugural flight.[19]

During 2017, "Ukroboronprom" successfully conducted tests on the cutting-edge missile system "Vilkha". The unique missile shells are produced using superstructural alloys on a newly implemented production line within Ukroboronprom.[20] On November 4, 2022, Ukrainian Defence Minister Oleksii Reznikov announced that Ukroboronprom would commence manufacturing shells in calibres of 152 mm and 122 mm compatible with Soviet-era artillery systems.[21]

On November 18, 2022, Ukroboronprom entered into agreements to jointly produce and develop weaponry with NATO member states including Poland, Czech Republic, France, Denmark, and two additional countries under non-disclosure agreements. The declaration highlighted efforts to establish integrated defence enterprises encompassing closed-cycle ammunition manufacturing lines as well as collaborative production of armored vehicles and multiple launch rocket systems. Both existing facilities and newly built secure sites are utilized for these initiatives.[22]

By January 1, 2023, domestically produced Ukrainian-made 152 mm artillery shells were reported being fired from D-20 howitzers in Donbas; this milestone was confirmed by Ukroboronprom via social media channels.[23]

On March 22, 2023, the initial shipment of domestically produced 122 mm artillery shells was delivered to Ukrainian forces; these rounds were manufactured abroad within a NATO country.[24]

In September 2024 it was disclosed that Ukroboronprom resumed production of small arms ammunition—primarily calibres 5.45×39mm and 5.56×45mm—commencing at least by June that year. Following Russia’s capture of Luhansk Ammunition Plant in 2014, Ukraine had lost domestic small arms ammo manufacturing capacity. The extent to which these new cartridges are fully localized remains unclear; it is presumed that cartridge cases are produced or assembled from imported components.Template:Fix/category[citation needed]

On November 27, 2024, Ukrainian authorities announced a recall involving roughly 100,000 units of domestically produced 120 mm mortar shells issued to troops due to malfunctions where shells frequently jammed in launchers or failed to detonate properly—only about one in ten functioned correctly according to soldiers’ reports.[25]

International Engagement

Ukroboronprom maintains active collaboration with international partners and has secured agreements to establish production facilities within Ukraine. For instance, a memorandum was signed between Ukroboronprom and the Polish firm Lubawa SA to create new joint ventures in Ukraine, backed by an investment of one million euros.

At the 2015 "Arms and Security" exhibition held in Kyiv, Ukroboronprom reached a cooperation agreement with the American corporation Textron focused on manufacturing heavy armored vehicles. Additionally, a partnership was formed between Antonov and Poland's WB Electronics to utilize Polish technology in developing a tactical unmanned aerial system for Ukraine’s Armed Forces.

During the "Defence & Security 2015" exposition, one of Asia's largest defense forums, Ukroboronprom entered into an agreement with an enterprise authorized by Thailand's Ministry of Defence to produce and service the advanced Ukrainian BTR-3E1 armored personnel carriers within the Kingdom.

At the 2015 Dubai Air Show, Antonov and Taqnia Aeronautics signed two memorandums aimed at jointly promoting various aircraft models—including four AN-148-100 medical evacuation planes, four reconnaissance and rescue variants of the AN-132, and two electronic warfare platforms—to the Saudi Arabian market.

In 2016, Antonov and Taqnia Aeronautics further cemented their partnership through an agreement to collaborate on aircraft complex construction and the production of An-132 aircraft in Saudi Arabia.

One of the key outcomes from "DefExpo 2016," a major international defense exhibition in India, was the establishment of extensive military-technical cooperation with Indian company Reliance Defence Limited. This included three agreements covering aircraft manufacturing and repair, modernization of armored vehicles, marine engineering maintenance, as well as drone production and supply.

At the Farnborough Airshow 2016 in the United Kingdom, Antonov concluded two contracts with Canadian company Esterline CMC Electronics to equip An-124 transport planes and An-148/158/178 family aircraft with state-of-the-art avionics. Concurrently, Antonov agreed with General Electric on upgrading Ukrainian aircraft and signed a memorandum with Pratt & Whitney Canada to further enhance modernization efforts.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg meeting with Ukroboronprom head Roman Romanov, July 2017

Ukroboronprom also collaborates closely with NATO, prioritizing development of a roadmap to transition Ukraine’s defense industry toward NATO standards alongside fostering deep partnerships with EU member states. Notably, in 2016 Ukraine hosted its first-ever Day of Ukrainian Defense Industry at NATO Headquarters in Brussels and at NATO Support and Procurement Agency headquarters in Kappelen, Luxembourg, showcasing numerous new projects.

That same year, Ukroboronprom signed over seventy memorandums of cooperation involving twenty countries.

At LAAD Defence & Security 2017 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Ukroboronprom established cooperative agreements focused on aircraft, unmanned systems, electronic intelligence, and heavy armored vehicles with nations from Central and South America.

During IDEF-2017 in Turkey in May 2017, the State Concern finalized direct cooperation agreements with Turkey’s Ministry of National Defence’s Undersecretariat for Defense Industries. Additional accords were signed with Turkish defense companies such as Aselsan, MKEK (Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation), and TAI.

On July 10, 2017, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg personally evaluated Antonov’s transport aircraft during his visit to Kyiv. Discussions with Ukroboronprom’s CEO Roman Romanov addressed expanding NATO’s Strategic Airlift Interim Solution (SALIS) program for member states and accelerating Ukroboronprom enterprises’ adoption of NATO-compliant production standards.

In the annual global ranking by Defense News magazine assessing arms manufacturers worldwide, Ukroboronprom achieved 62nd place. Western analysts have highlighted its rapid growth in producing modern military equipment; previously ranked 68th in 2016 and 92nd in 2015.

Ukroboronprom made its debut at the AUSA-2017 international defense exhibition in the United States by presenting equipment manufactured to international standards. A notable display included an upgraded version of the unmanned armored personnel carrier Phantom-2.

The aviation cluster's most recent innovations were showcased at the Dubai Airshow 2017 held in the United Arab Emirates.

Modernizing the Military-Industrial Complex Strategy in Ukraine

In 2016, "Ukroboronprom" formulated a comprehensive reform strategy for Ukraine's military-industrial complex. This plan is structured around five principal components: corporatization, clustering, auditing, innovation platforms, and safeguarding technologies. That same year saw the establishment of the Aircraft Corporation, built upon the foundation of "Antonov". Currently, four clusters are being developed, focusing on armored vehicles, shipbuilding, precision weaponry, and radar along with electronic warfare and communications systems. Additionally, a detailed technical assignment was prepared to facilitate an independent audit conducted by top-tier international consulting and auditing firms.

By May 2017, "Ukroboronprom" unveiled a dedicated website outlining the reform strategy for Ukraine’s defense industry—reformdefence.com. This platform provides comprehensive resources covering all strategic areas: corporatization, clustering, auditing, technology protection, and the initiation of the General Advanced Research and Development Agency (GARDA). GARDA is designed as an innovation hub uniting developers, startups, investors, and military stakeholders.

In November 2017, a new reform phase commenced with the launch of an international audit. A tender committee was established to select a consulting firm for this purpose. Notably, a representative from Transparency International – Ukraine participates in this committee to ensure transparency and accountability.

Related Products

Among the products manufactured by Ukroboronprom enterprises are:

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ukrainian instability leads to leadership change at Ukroboronprom, Jane's Information Group (19 March 2014)
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 382018-23646
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 President appoints Aivaras Abromavičius as Director General of Ukroboronprom, Ukrinform (31 August 2019)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ukroboronprom CEO Aivaras Abromaviсius dismissed, UNIAN (6 October 2020)
    (in Ukrainian) Explanation from Ukroboronprom regarding Abromavičius's resignation and future of his team, Ukrayinska Pravda (6 October 2020)
  5. ↑ Zelensky names Husev as Ukroboronprom Director General, Ukrinform (3 December 2020)
    (in Ukrainian) Zelensky appoints new Ukroboronprom head, Ukrayinska Pravda (3 December 2020)
  6. ↑ Presidential Decree No.532/2020 dated December 3, 2020, on appointing Yu. Husev as General Director of the State Concern "Ukroboronprom"
  7. ↑ Presidential Decree No.357/2023 dated June 27, 2023, on relieving Yu. Husev from the position of General Director of the State Concern "Ukroboronprom"
  8. ↑ "UKROBORONPROM ENHANCES MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES THROUGH BUSINESS SCHOOLS – ARTHUR HERUVIMOV – Ukroboronprom". Ukroboronprom. 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2017-02-14.
  9. ↑ "Collaboration between Igor Sikorsky KPI and Ukroboronprom to Strengthen Ukraine's Defence Capabilities". Igor Sikorsky KPI. 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  10. ↑ "Ukroboronprom's 2017 Efforts to Train a New Generation of Defence Specialists". Ukroboronprom. 2018-01-05. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  11. ↑ "Ukroboronprom Showcases New Drones "Phantom" and "Gorlytsa" to Ukraine's NSDC Secretary" (Press release). Ukroboronprоm. 29 August 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  12. ↑ Censor.NET. "Introduction of 'Taipan' Combat Module by Ukroboronprom. PHOTO". EN.Censor.net. Retrieved 2017-06-07.
  13. ↑ "Antonov Unveils New Aircraft AN-132". KyivPost. Retrieved 2017-06-07. {{cite news}}: Text "KyivPost" ignored (help)
  14. ↑ "M16 – WAC-47 for Ukrainian Armed Forces from Ukroboronprom". Ukroboronprom. 2017-01-10. Retrieved 2017-06-07.
  15. ↑ "Antonov's An-132 Conducts Maiden Flight". www.janes.com. Retrieved 2017-06-07. {{cite web}}: Text "Jane's 360" ignored (help)
  16. ↑ "Ukroboronprom to Collaborate on New An-132 Maritime Patrol Version with International Partners". www.defense-aerospace.com. Retrieved 2017-06-07.
  17. ↑ ""Ukroboronprom Presents Portable Rocket Grenade Launcher for First Time at IDEF 2017"". Ukroboronprom (in українська). 2017-05-09. Retrieved 2017-06-07.
  18. ↑ "MSPO 2017 Features New Polish-Ukrainian Tank PT-17 at International Exhibition". National Industrial Portal. 2017-09-07. Retrieved 2018-01-09. {{cite news}}: Text "National Industrial Portal" ignored (help)
  19. ↑ "Ukraine's Unique Military Drone "Gorlytsia" Takes First Flight: Exclusive Photos". Apostrophe (in українська). Retrieved 2024-05-14.
  20. ↑ "Ukraine Establishes Unique Processing Line for Missile Body Production". en.ukrmilitary.com. 25 November 2017. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  21. ↑ HOWARD ALTMAN (4 November 2022). "Ukraine Situation Report: Russian Troop Mobilizations Reach 318,000". The Drive. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  22. ↑ "Ukraine to Collaborate on Heavy Weapons and Military Equipment Production with at Least Six NATO Countries". Euromaidan Press. 18 November 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-20.
  23. ↑ "Ukraine's Locally Manufactured Artillery Shells Reach Frontline". The Drive. 3 January 2023. Retrieved 2023-01-08.
  24. ↑ "First Batch of Ukrainian Defense Enterprise-Made 122 mm Shells Produced Abroad Arrives at Frontline". Euromaidan Press. 22 March 2023. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  25. ↑ Matthew Loh. "Ukraine Recalls Approximately 100,000 Artillery Shells Due to Launch Failures and Non-explosions". Business Insider. Retrieved 2024-12-03.

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